Reloading for Shotgunners. Rick Sapp

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       Remington’s 870 Express Deer pump-action is available in every gauge except the 10. Its barrel is rifled so it can shoot slugs and sabots accurately to 100 yards – or even farther, with a properly-mounted scope, plenty of practice, and the right combination of primer and other components.

      Heavy loads tend to diminish the effectiveness of the cushion. Heavier loads of shot and heavier loads of powder, compress the wad much more significantly than lighter field and target loads. Thus, the energy wave from the powder’s explosion is transferred more directly and harshly to the pellets. Probably, these heavy loads need additional cushioning in the way of felt spacers and special cushion wads that must be placed immediately below the charge of shot.

      When reloading, you want this center section to compress, but not collapse. A total collapse would ruin its value and could perhaps damage or torque the gas seal. So, under the steady pressure of the wad ram, the cushion section should predictably compress to accommodate various powder heights.

      We have spent quite a few pages discussing wads without mentioning the spreader or brush wad. These wads are usually made with no shotcup at all. Although outside pellets will be deformed by barrel scrub, your pattern will function very close to the true choke (a completely open barrel with no constriction) of your shotgun. Often used in guns with highly polished or chromed bores, brush wads give you exceptional results. A variation is a wad with a vertical “X” section in the center; these push a pattern much wider than the bore’s marked constriction.