Farnsworth's Classical English Rhetoric. Ward Farnsworth

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СКАЧАТЬ the phrases are spread apart, which also can enable them to serve as a kind of chorus, or burden, as when showing how different possibilities provoke the same reply.

      Who is here so base that would be a bondman? If any, speak; for him have I offended. Who is here so rude that would not be a Roman? If any, speak; for him have I offended. Who is here so vile that will not love his country? If any, speak; for him have I offended. I pause for a reply.

      Julius Caesar, 3, 2

      There I have another bad match: a bankrupt, a prodigal, who dare scarce show his head on the Rialto; a beggar, that was us’d to come so smug upon the mart. Let him look to his bond. He was wont to call me usurer; let him look to his bond. He was wont to lend money for a Christian courtesy; let him look to his bond.

      The Merchant of Venice, 3, 1

      Methinks now this coined sun wears a ruddy face; but see! aye, he enters the sign of storms, the equinox! and but six months before he wheeled out of a former equinox at Aries! From storm to storm! So be it, then. Born in throes, ’t is fit that man should live in pains and die in pangs! So be it, then! Here’s stout stuff for woe to work on. So be it, then.

      Melville, Moby-Dick (1851)

      d. Intermittent repetition of phrases. A less rhythmic and more spontaneous effect can be had by circling back to the same or a nearly identical phrase less systematically. The speaker doesn’t mean to offer a refrain; he just can’t help saying the thing again and again.

      Say not to me that it is not the lamp of lamps. I say to you it is. I say to you, a million of times over, it is. It is! I say to you that I will proclaim it to you, whether you like it or not; nay, that the less you like it, the more I will proclaim it to you.

      Dickens, Bleak House (1853)

      I say we must necessarily undo these violent oppressive acts; they must be repealed – you will repeal them; I pledge myself for it, that you will in the end repeal them; I stake my reputation on it – I will consent to be taken for an idiot, if they are not finally repealed.

      Pitt, speech in the House of Lords (1770)

      What could follow but one vast spoliation? One vast spoliation! That would be bad enough. That would be the greatest calamity that ever fell on our country. Yet would that a single vast spoliation were the worst!

      Macaulay, speech in the House of Commons (1842)

      e. Emphasized repetition, in which the speaker alerts the listener to it.

      There is no retreat but in submission and slavery! Our chains are forged! Their clanking may be heard on the plains of Boston! The war is inevitable – and let it come! I repeat it, sir, let it come!

      Henry, speech at the Second Revolutionary Congress of Virginia (1775)

      When you have to attend to things of that sort, to the mere incidents of the surface, the reality – the reality, I tell you – fades.

      Conrad, Heart of Darkness (1899)

      False, I repeat it, with all the vehemence of indignant asservation, utterly false is the charge habitually preferred against the religion which Englishmen have laden with penalties, and have marked with degradation.

      Sheil, speech at Penenden Heath (1828)

      5. EPANALEPSIS (ep-an-a-lep-sis) occurs when the same word or phrase is used at the beginning and end of a sentence or set of them – e.g., “The King is dead. Long live the King!” (or, in the original French, Le Roi est mort. Vive le Roi!). The usual effect is a sense of circuitry; the second instance of the repeated word completes a thought about it.

      Cassius from bondage will deliver Cassius.

      Julius Caesar, 1, 3

      Ambition must be made to counteract ambition.

      Madison, Federalist 51

      Shakspeare will never be made by the study of Shakspeare.

      Emerson, Self-Reliance (1841)

      The minority gives way not because it is convinced that it is wrong, but because it is convinced that it is a minority.

      Stephen, Liberty, Equality, Fraternity (1873)

      All buttoned-up men are weighty. All buttoned-up men are believed in. Whether or no the reserved and never-exercised power of unbuttoning, fascinates mankind; whether or no wisdom is supposed to condense and augment when buttoned up, and to evaporate when unbuttoned; it is certain that the man to whom importance is accorded is the buttoned-up man.

      Dickens, Little Dorrit (1857)

      A prominent case of epanalepsis occurs in Brutus’s speech at the funeral of Julius Caesar, where the device is used twice and then relaxed at the end – a useful idea (a pattern, then relief from it) considered more closely in later chapters.

      Romans, countrymen, and lovers! hear me for

       my cause, and be silent, that you may hear:

       believe me for mine honour, and have respect to

       mine honour, that you may believe: censure me

       in your wisdom, and awake your senses, that you

       may the better judge.

      Julius Caesar, 3, 2

      6. Special effects.

      a. Repetition to suggest motion, action, or sound.

      But, sir, from the light in which he appears to hold the wavering conduct of up, up, up – and down, down, down – and round, round, round, – we are led to suppose, that his real sentiments are not subject to vary, but have been uniform throughout.

      Livingston, speech at New York Ratifying Convention (1788)

      A good surgeon is worth a thousand of you. I have been in surgeons’ hands often, and have always found reason to depend upon their skill; but your art, Sir, what is it? – but to daub, daub, daub; load, load, load; plaster, plaster, plaster; till ye utterly destroy the appetite first, and the constitution afterwards, which you are called in to help.

      Richardson, Clarissa (1748)

      My head is playing all the tunes in the world, ringing such peals! It has just finished the “Merry Christ Church Bells,” and absolutely is beginning “Turn again, Whittington.” Buz, buz, buz; bum, bum, bum; wheeze, wheeze, wheeze; fen, fen, fen; tinky, tinky, tinky; cr’annch.

      Lamb, letter to Coleridge (1800)

      b. Demands and exhortations.

      [T]urn ye, turn ye from your evil ways; for why

       will ye die, O house of Israel?

      Ezekiel 33:11

      Work on,

       My medicine, work!

      Othello, 4, 1

      “Lead СКАЧАТЬ