Sahih Muslim (Volume 2). Imam Abul-Husain Muslim

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СКАЧАТЬ will consolidate and sum up their statements. They said: Sincerity to God specifically means believing in Him; rejecting all suggestions of partnership with Him; acknowledging all His attributes; and ascribing to Him all attributes of majesty and perfection; negating that any fault or shortcoming applies to Him; obeying Him and refraining from disobeying any of His commandments; loving or hating others for His sake; allying oneself with those who obey Him and being hostile to those who disobey Him; striving against whoever disbelieves in Him; acknowledging His favours and bounty and thanking Him for these; maintaining truthfulness in all matters; encouraging others to maintain all these and to adopt a gentle approach in calling on people to accept all this. Al-Khattabi adds: ‘In essence, sincerity to God rebounds on the believer as this is the best approach he may adopt. God, the Exalted, is in no need of any sincere counsel’.

      Sincerity to God’s Book means belief that it is God’s own word, which He has revealed. Nothing of people’s speech is akin to it; and no creature can produce anything similar to it. It also means giving due respect to it; showing humility as one recites it and making sure to pronounce it perfectly; rejecting any twisting of its meanings and refuting any argument that belittles it; accepting all that it says; understanding its rulings, information and metaphors; learning the facts it states; contemplating its wonders; implementing its definitive instructions; accepting its equivocation (mutashabih); learning what is general and peculiar of its statements and what abrogates earlier rulings; spreading knowledge of it and calling on people to do likewise.

      Sincerity to God’s Messenger means accepting the truth of his message and believing in all that he teaches; obeying him in whatever he bids or forbids; defending him during his lifetime and after he had passed away; remaining hostile to anyone who was or is hostile to him and befriending whoever supports him; giving due importance to our duties towards him; following his practice and Sunnah; advocating his message; implementing his law and rejecting any negative comment on it; learning its disciplines; studying its meaning; adopting a gentle approach in learning and teaching it; giving it due respect and importance; maintaining propriety when reading or studying it; refraining from saying anything about it that is not based on accurate information; respecting its scholars because of their learning; adopting his own moral values and good manners; loving the members of his household and his companions, and disowning anyone who attributes any fabrication to him or criticizes any of his companions.

      Sincerity to the leaders of the Muslims means helping them to pursue what is right; obeying them in this; counselling and gently reminding them of what they may overlook of what is right and their duties towards the Muslim community; not rebelling against them and encouraging people to obey them. Al-Khattabi adds that sincerity to them also includes praying behind them; joining them in jihad; paying zakat to them for distribution to its beneficiaries; rejecting armed rebellion against them when they appear to be unjust; counselling them not to be deceived by flattery; and praying for them to maintain the right path. All this applies to the rulers and others who are in authority to conduct the affairs of the Muslim community. Al-Khattabi adds: ‘However, it may be interpreted that the “leaders of the Muslims” refers to religious scholars. Sincerity to these means accepting what they report; following their example in the implementation of religious rulings; and thinking well of them.’

      Sincerity to the Muslims in general means guiding them to what serves their interests in this life and in the life to come; preventing harm being caused to them; teaching them what they need to know of their religion; assisting them to observe it by word and deed; covering up their faults; sparing them from whatever is adverse to them; ensuring what is of benefit to them; enjoining them to do what is right and to refrain from what is wrong, and making sure to do all this gently and sincerely; respecting their elderly and being kind and caring for their young; giving them gentle admonition; refraining from cheating or envying them; loving for them the good things that one loves for oneself and hating for them every evil one hates for oneself; defending their honour and property by word and deed; encouraging them to adopt all that we have mentioned of the aspects of sincerity; and supporting them in doing all that is undertaken in obedience of God. Among the early Muslims there were those who were so keen to give sincere counsel, even if this harmed their own interests.

      Thus, we have summed up what scholars have said about sincerity. Ibn Battal said: ‘This hadith makes clear that sincerity is also called religion and Islam. Religion denotes action in the same way as it denotes words. Sincere counselling is an obligation which earns reward for the ones who undertake it, and when it is done by some people, others are exempt from it. However, it is obligatory inasmuch as one can do it, provided that the one offering sincere counsel realizes that his counsel is accepted. If such a person fears that he may come to harm as a result of offering sincere counsel, he may abstain from it; but God knows best.’

      [100–97]. (Dar al-Salam 0101) Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah nar-rated: [Abdullah ibn Numayr and Abu Usamah narrated; from Isma[il ibn Abi Khalid; from Qays; from Jarir. He said: ‘I gave my pledge to God’s Messenger (peace be upon him) to attend regularly to prayer, pay zakat and to be sincere to every Muslim’.

      حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ نُمَيْر وَأَبُو أُسَامَةَ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ، عَنْ قَيْسٍ، عَنْ جَرِيرٍ، قَالَ بَايَعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى إِقَامِ الصَّلاَةِ وَإِيتَاءِ الزَّكَاةِ وَالنُّصْحِ لِكُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ.

      [101–98]. (Dar al-Salam 0102) Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah, Zuhayr ibn Harb and Ibn Numayr narrated: Sufyan narrated; from Ziyad ibn [Ilaqah that he heard Jarir ibn [Abdullah say: ‘I pledged to the Prophet (peace be upon him) to be sincere to every Muslim’.

      حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، وَزُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، وَابْنُ، نُمَيْرٍ قَالُوا: حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ زِيَادِ بْنِ عِلاَقَةَ، سَمِعَ جَرِيرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللهِ، يَقُولُ: بَايَعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى النُّصْحِ لِكُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ.

      [102–99]. (Dar al-Salam 0103) Surayj ibn Yunus and Ya[qub al-Dawraqi narrated: Hushaym narrated; from Sayyar; from al-Sha[bi; from Jarir: ‘I pledged to the Prophet (peace be upon him) to listen and obey. He instructed me to add “in what I can” and to be sincere to every Muslim’. Ya[qub said in his report: ‘Sayyar narrated’.⁶

      حَدَّثَنَا سُرَيْجُ بْنُ يُونُسَ، وَيَعْقُوبُ الدَّوْرَقِيُّ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا هُشَيْمٌ، عَنْ سَيَّارٍ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ جَرِيرٍ، قَالَ بَايَعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ فَلَقَّنَنِي «فِيمَا اسْتَطَعْتَ». وَالنُّصْحِ لِكُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ. قَالَ يَعْقُوبُ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سَيَّارٌ.

      Text Explanation

      6. In this hadith Jarir, a companion of the Prophet, mentions СКАЧАТЬ