Новая типографика. Руководство для современного дизайнера. Ян Чихольд
Чтение книги онлайн.

Читать онлайн книгу Новая типографика. Руководство для современного дизайнера - Ян Чихольд страница 15

СКАЧАТЬ автора

      1

      И произошло это задолго до войны. Мендельсон не прав, утверждая, что Якоб Хегнер был основателем этого традиционалистского направления. Конечно, Хегнер наиболее последовательно применял старинные шрифты, но он начал печатать их лишь после войны. Классические шрифты (фрактуру Унгера, антикву Вальбаума, фрактуру Брайткопфа) вновь стали применять уже около 1911 года. (Здесь и далее внизу страницы размещаются примечания Яна Чихольда.)

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 СКАЧАТЬ