Inside Story: Politics, Intrigue and Treachery from Thatcher to Brexit. Philip Webster
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Название: Inside Story: Politics, Intrigue and Treachery from Thatcher to Brexit
Автор: Philip Webster
Издательство: HarperCollins
Жанр: Биографии и Мемуары
isbn: 9780008201340
isbn:
I worked for various magazines. I even followed a colleague who was making good money working for a major car-rental company delivering cars – at speed – from one depot to another. It was when I was working with eight others to deliver brand-new Volvos from a Buckinghamshire factory to Heathrow Airport and my machine broke down just a few miles from the factory – prompting cries of anguish from drivers for whom this was the main source of revenue – that I decided it was not for me.
I worked for a few exciting weeks as a subeditor on The Guardian, handling political stories written by the likes of Ian Aitken, Julia Langdon and Michael White, and taking orders from a long-haired genius chief sub called Roger Alton. He was to resurface in my life later, on the ski slopes and the cricket pitch and at The Times after spells as editor of The Observer and The Independent.
They were strange days indeed because great stories were happening and we had nowhere to write them. The consolation was a year on full pay while at the same time being encouraged to write for other organs to keep our hands in.
The whole parliamentary team – all of us – went to a pub near the Commons on the night of 28 March and then went to watch the last rites of Old Labour in government. Thatcher, as Opposition leader, had tabled a motion of no confidence in the Government and won it by one vote, 311 to 310, amid scenes of pandemonium as the Tories cheered and Labour sang ‘The Red Flag’. Labour would not return to power for eighteen years: a political lifetime.
Worst of all for us political writers was to miss the historic election night on 9 May 1979, when Thatcher swept to power and promised to bring harmony where there was discord. I and many other reporters could not bear to be at home and spent our evening trailing round party headquarters pretending we were working.
Meanwhile, NUJ meetings rolled irrelevantly on amid deadlock between management and the unions that mattered. It was a dispute that the management was not going to win, and by the autumn of 1979, all sides were looking for a way out.
In his obituary of Duke Hussey in 2007, William Rees-Mogg, editor of The Times for fourteen years, admitted that the papers had reopened on 13 November 1979 (nearly a year after closing) on what he called unsatisfactory terms. This led first to Hussey being replaced as chief executive and eventually to the sale of Times Newspapers by the Thomson family. Rees-Mogg wrote: ‘If his struggle at The Times proved a failure – and it was a policy I supported from beginning to end – it had much more positive long-term consequences. It led to the next struggle against the militant chapels when Times Newspapers moved to Wapping, and that battle was won under Rupert Murdoch.’
When the paper came back, the BBC reported the dispute was estimated to have cost the Thomson organization £30m. Thatcher welcomed the reappearance of The Times ‘with enthusiasm’. She said: ‘The absence of The Times has been tragic and overlong.’ Although we had found interesting ways of spending our time, the journalists agreed with every word of that.
Some 200,000 more copies of The Times were published on the day it came back than on its last print run, while readers announced births and deaths spanning the period of its absence. The Times also published three special obituary supplements to cover the period. It was an event that showed again the loyalty of Times readers and it paved the way for Murdoch’s eventual victory, which led to other newspapers adopting new technology and moving to cheaper premises in east London.
The Thunderer had risen again and within days it was business as normal.
The Iron Lady: Early Lobby Years
I had been in the Lobby for only a few months when, on 2 April 1982, Argentine forces invaded the Falkland Islands.
I was doing Friday duty on my own when the news came through, and we were told that the Commons would meet next day – it remains the only Saturday sitting in my career – to debate what seemed like a national humiliation and the Government’s likely response to it.
It was to be the turning point of Margaret Thatcher’s career as she ignored the voices of caution and sent a task force to reclaim the islands, anchoring in the public mind the idea of an uncompromising leader who would always stand up for Britain’s interests. But on that Friday night she could not have expected this. The Government had been caught napping and its apparent lack of commitment to the islands during years of negotiations about their future had convinced Galtieri’s junta, under pressure at home, that it could get away with it. UK defence cuts in the 1981 recession Budget had also sent the wrong kind of signal to Argentina.
In my Saturday morning front-page story, I said that in a political and military crisis without parallel since the Suez operation of 1956, Thatcher would face a hostile Commons demanding to know why British interests had not been protected. I said there was a sense of humiliation among Tory MPs that a government that had come to power promising to strengthen the nation’s defences had not been able to prevent the invasion of one of our few remaining overseas territories.
Within the Government there was a feeling of panic. On that Friday, as the news started to reach Whitehall that the invasion had indeed started, ministers and officials blustered, waiting for the Commons to rise for the day to avoid being called to explain something they did not yet understand.
Only months earlier Thatcher had looked beaten and battered as the ‘wets’, the name she and her allies gave to the liberal-minded patrician Tories who opposed her, openly conspired against her. It is often forgotten that Thatcher’s early years in office after defeating James Callaghan in the 1979 general election were far from easy.
She became leader in February 1975, after surprisingly challenging Edward Heath, who had lost two general elections to Harold Wilson in 1974. He had called the election to reassert his authority but the gamble misfired badly when Thatcher, superbly assisted by her campaign manager, Airey Neave, capitalized on the discontent of Tory back-benchers and defeated him on the first ballot. She was just short of the required fifty per cent of the votes but got there easily after Heath withdrew and she beat Willie Whitelaw, Geoffrey Howe and others on the second ballot.
Many of the Tory establishment – Whitelaw, Lord Carrington, James Prior, most on the liberal wing of the party – supported Heath. Some of them, including Heath, never forgave her and were to give her a rough time when she took over. They did not like the hard-line economic thinking of Thatcher and her mentor, Sir Keith Joseph. There was something about the rich and patrician that rubbed the Prime Minister up the wrong way. Her biggest assault on the ‘wets’ came in September 1981, when she finally acted to give herself a Cabinet that was more in tune with her tough monetarist stance and with that of her chancellor, Sir Geoffrey Howe, who was very much in her good books in those days.
On 12 September 1981, I wrote in The Times that the ‘wets’ in the Cabinet feared that her move against them would be more extensive than expected.
I knew Sir Ian Gilmour well from my spell as a young reporter in Norfolk when he was an MP there. He kindly always used to invite me to his annual summer party in Isleworth on the Thames – not far from my home across the A4 in Osterley – which was always full of like-minded MPs and figures from other parties to whom he felt closer than some in his own. At around 10.30 on the Monday morning following publication of my article, I picked up a ringing phone in The Times Room in the Commons. It was Gilmour who, calling from the phone box at the end of Whitehall after he left Downing Street, had rung to tell us that ‘She’ had just sacked him.