Название: The Younger Edda; Also called Snorre's Edda, or The Prose Edda
Автор: Snorri Sturluson
Издательство: Public Domain
Жанр: Поэзия
isbn:
isbn:
Of houses all
That I know roofed
I know my son’s is the largest.34
Thor has two goats, by name Tangnjost and Tangrisner, and a chariot, wherein he drives. The goats draw the chariot; wherefore he is called Oku-Thor.35 He possesses three valuable treasures. One of them is the hammer Mjolner, which the frost-giants and mountain-giants well know when it is raised; and this is not to be wondered at, for with it he has split many a skull of their fathers or friends. The second treasure he possesses is Megingjarder (belt of strength); when he girds himself with it his strength is doubled. His third treasure that is of so great value is his iron gloves; these he cannot do without when he lays hold of the hammer’s haft. No one is so wise that he can tell all his great works; but I can tell you so many tidings of him that it will grow late before all is told that I know.
22. Thereupon said Ganglere: I wish to ask tidings of more of the asas. Har gave him answer: Odin’s second son is Balder, and of him good things are to be told. He is the best, and all praise him. He is so fair of face and so bright that rays of light issue from him; and there is a plant so white that it is likened unto Balder’s brow, and it is the whitest of all plants. From this you can judge of the beauty both of his hair and of his body. He is the wisest, mildest and most eloquent of all the asas; and such is his nature that none can alter the judgment he has pronounced. He inhabits the place in heaven called Breidablik, and there nothing unclean can enter. As is here said:
Breidablik it is called,
Where Balder has
Built for himself a hall
In the land
Where I know is found
The least of evil.36
23. The third asa is he who is called Njord. He dwells in Noatun, which is in heaven. He rules the course of the wind and checks the fury of the sea and of fire. He is invoked by seafarers and by fishermen. He is so rich and wealthy that he can give broad lands and abundance to those who call on him for them. He was fostered in Vanaheim, but the vans37 gave him as a hostage to the gods, and received in his stead as an asa-hostage the god whose name is Honer. He established peace between the gods and vans. Njord took to wife Skade, a daughter of the giant Thjasse. She wished to live where her father had dwelt, that is, on the mountains in Thrymheim; Njord, on the other hand, preferred to be near the sea. They therefore agreed to pass nine nights in Thrymheim and three in Noatun. But when Njord came back from the mountains to Noatun he sang this:
Weary am I of the mountains,
Not long was I there,
Only nine nights.
The howl of the wolves
Methought sounded ill
To the song of the swans.
Skade then sang this:
Sleep I could not
On my sea-strand couch,
For the scream of the sea-fowl.
There wakes me,
As he comes from the sea,
Every morning the mew.
Then went Skade up on the mountain, and dwelt in Thrymheim. She often goes on skees (snow-shoes), with her bow, and shoots wild beasts. She is called skee-goddess or skee-dis. Thus it is said:
Thrymheim it is called
Where Thjasse dwelt,
That mightiest giant.
But now dwells Skade,
Pure bride of the gods,
In her father’s old homestead.38
24. Njord, in Noatun, afterward begat two children: a son, by name Frey, and a daughter, by name Freyja. They were fair of face, and mighty. Frey is the most famous of the asas. He rules over rain and sunshine, and over the fruits of the earth. It is good to call on him for harvests and peace. He also sways the wealth of men. Freyja is the most famous of the goddesses. She has in heaven a dwelling which is called Folkvang, and when she rides to the battle, one half of the slain belong to her, and the other half to Odin. As is here said:
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1
The third volume of this work has not yet appeared.
2
Keyser.
3
White Skald.
4
Black Skald.
5
Dasent translates “hövuðtungur” (chief or head tongues) with “lords,” which is certainly an error.
6
Near
1
The third volume of this work has not yet appeared.
2
Keyser.
3
White Skald.
4
Black Skald.
5
Dasent translates “hövuðtungur” (chief or head tongues) with “lords,” which is certainly an error.
6
Near Upsala.
7
A heroic poem, giving the pedigree (tal) of Norse kings.
8
Heimskringla: Ynglinga Saga, ch. v.
9
Heimskringla: Harald Harfager’s Saga, ch. xix.
10
The walker.
11
Elder Edda: Havamal.
12
Elder Edda: The Vala’s Prophecy, 6.
13
Elder Edda: The Vala’s Prophecy, 56.
14
Elder Edda: Hyndla’a Lay, 34.
15
Elder СКАЧАТЬ
34
Elder Edda: Grimner’s Lay, 24.
35
The author of the Younger Edda is here mistaken. Oku is derived from the Finnish thunder-god, Ukko.
36
Elder Edda: Grimner’s Lay, 12.
37
Compare Vainamoinen, the son of Ukko, in the Finnish epic Kalevala.
38
Elder Edda: Grimner’s Lay, 11.