A Synopsis of the Birds of North America. John James Audubon

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СКАЧАТЬ riparia, Sand Martin, Swains. & Rich. F. Bor. Amer. v. ii. p. 333.

      Bank Swallow or Sand Martin, Hirundo riparia, Nutt. Man. v. i. p. 607.

      Bank Swallow or Sand Martin, Hirundo riparia, Aud. Orn. Biog. v. iv. p. 584.

      51. 7. Hirundo serripennis, Aud. Rough-winged Swallow

      Tail slightly emarginate, margin of first quill rough with the strong decurved tips of the filaments, tarsus bare; upper parts greyish-brown, lower pale greyish-brown, white behind. Very nearly allied to the last in form and colour, but readily distinguishable by drawing the finger along the edge of the wing, when the stiff projecting tips of the filaments are felt like the edge of a fine saw.

      Male, 53/4, 121/2.

      Louisiana and South Carolina. Migratory.

      Rough-winged Swallow, Hirundo serripennis, Aud. Orn. Biog. v. iv. p. 593.

      FAMILY VII. MUSCICAPINÆ. FLYCATCHERS

      Bill depressed, triangular, compressed at the end, upper mandible notched, lower with the point slightly ascending. Head rather large, depressed; neck short; body rather slender. Feet generally short; tarsus short, slender, with very broad scutella; toes four, free; the hind toe not proportionally large; claws arched, compressed, acute. Plumage soft and blended. Wings long, with the first quill generally long, the outer three longest. Tail various. Tongue flattened, sagittate, bristly at the tip; œsophagus wide, without crop; stomach elliptical, moderately muscular, with the lateral muscles distinct, the epithelium thin, dense, longitudinally rugous; intestine short; cœca extremely small; cloaca globular. Trachea simple; inferior laryngeal muscles, forming on each side a large pad, but not divisible into several portions as in the singing birds. Nests regularly formed, cup-shaped. Eggs from four to six.

      GENUS I. MILVULUS, Swains. SWALLOW-TAIL

      Bill moderate, rather stout, straight, broad at the base, gradually compressed toward the end; upper mandible with the dorsal outline a little convex, the edges sharp and nearly perpendicular, with a very small notch close to the small deflected tip; lower mandible with the ridge very broad at the base, the sides rounded, the tip minute and ascending. Nostrils basal, broadly elliptical. Head rather large, depressed; neck short; body rather slender. Feet rather short; tarsus short, slender, compressed, with very broad scutella, some of which almost meet behind; toes free, the hind toe not proportionally larger, all scutellate above; claws of moderate size, arched, compressed, acute. Plumage soft and blended. Wings long, second quill longest, first almost as long as third, the three outer abruptly notched near the attenuated tip. Tail extremely elongated and forked, the middle feathers being of ordinary length, the lateral longest.

      52. 1. Milvulus Tyrannus, Linn. Prairie Swallow-tail. – Fork-tailed Flycatcher

      Plate CLXVIII. Male.

      Tail more than twice the length of the body; upper part of head and cheeks deep black, the feathers of the crown bright yellow at the base; back ash-grey, rump bluish-black; wings and tail brownish-black, the lateral feathers of the latter with the outer web white for half its length; lower parts white.

      Male, 141/4, 14.

      In Louisiana, very rare. Accidental in New Jersey.

      Fork-tailed Flycatcher, Muscicapa Savana, Bonap. Amer. Orn. v. i. p. 1.

      Muscicapa Savana, Bonap. Syn. p. 67.

      Fork-tailed Flycatcher, Muscicapa Savana, Nutt. Man. v. i. p. 274.

      Forked-tailed Flycatcher, Muscicapa Savana, Aud. Orn. Biog. v. ii. p. 387.

      53. 2. Milvulus forficatus, Gmel. Red-shouldered Swallow-tail. – Swallow-tailed Flycatcher

      Plate CCCLIX. Fig. 3. Male.

      Tail longer than the body; upper part of the head, cheeks, and hind neck ash-grey; back brownish-grey, rump dusky; anterior wing-coverts scarlet, quills brownish-black, tail-feathers deep black, the three outer on each side rose-coloured to near the end; lower parts white before, rose-coloured behind.

      Male, 11, wing 51/8.

      Arkansas. Rare in Louisiana.

      Swallow-tailed Flycatcher, Muscicapa forficata, Bonap. Amer. Orn. v. i. p. 15.

      Muscicapa forficata, Bonap. Syn. p. 275.

      Swallow-tailed Flycatcher, Muscicapa forficata, Nutt. Man. v. i. p. 275.

      Swallow-tailed Flycatcher, Muscicapa forficata, Aud. Orn. Biog. v. iv. p. 426.

      GENUS II. MUSCICAPA, Linnæus. FLYCATCHER

      Bill moderate, or rather long, stout, straight, broad at the base, gradually compressed toward the end; upper mandible with the dorsal outline sloping, the edges sharp and overlapping, with a very small notch close to the small deflected tip; lower mandible with the ridge very broad at the base, the sides rounded, the tip minute and ascending. Nostrils basal, roundish. Head rather large, depressed; neck short; body rather slender. Feet short; tarsus very short, slender, with six very broad scutella, three of which almost meet behind; toes free, the hind toe large, all scutellate above; claws rather long, very slender, arched, finely pointed. Plumage soft and blended. Wings long, second and third quills longest; outer primaries generally attenuated at the end. Tail long, even, or emarginate.

      * Bill large. Head with a vermilion patch, outer quills attenuated. Tyrannus of authors.

      54. 1. Muscicapa verticalis, Say. Arkansaw Flycatcher

      Plate CCCLIX. Fig. 1. Male. Fig. 2. Female.

      The outer five primaries much attenuated toward the end, the first more so, the fifth least, the third longest, but the outer four nearly equal; tail almost even. Upper parts ash-grey, the back tinged with yellow; a patch of bright vermilion on the top of the head; wing-coverts and quills chocolate-brown; upper tail-coverts and tail black, the outer web of the lateral feathers yellowish-white; throat greyish-white, sides and fore part of neck ash-grey, the rest of the lower parts pure yellow. Female similar.

      Male, 9, 151/2.

      Columbia River, Rocky Mountains, and across to Texas. Accidental in Louisiana. Migratory.

      Tyrannus verticalis, Say Long's Exped. v. ii. p. 60.

      Arkansaw Flycatcher, Muscicapa verticalis, Bonap. Amer. Orn. v. i. p. 18.

      Muscicapa verticalis, Bonap. Syn. p. 67.

      Arkansaw Flycatcher, Muscicapa verticalis, Nutt. Man. v. i. p. 273.

      Arkansaw Flycatcher, Muscicapa verticalis, Aud. Orn. Biog. v. iv. p. 422; v. v.

      55. 2. Muscicapa dominicensis, Brisson. Pipiry Flycatcher

      Plate CLXXII. Male.

      The outer six primaries attenuated at the end, the first more so, the sixth least; the third longest, but the second almost equal, the fourth and fifth very little shorter, the first much longer than the seventh; tail emarginate. Upper parts dull ash-grey, shaded with brown posteriorly; a concealed patch of bright vermilion СКАЧАТЬ