THE TEXAS CONSTITUTION. Texas

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СКАЧАТЬ above, the accusation and indictment used under (2) above, or the accusation or indictment used under (4) above within sixty (60) days from the time of his incarceration upon the accusation, the order denying bail shall be automatically set aside, unless a continuance is obtained upon the motion or request of the accused; provided, further, that the right of appeal to the Court of Criminal Appeals of this State is expressly accorded the accused for a review of any judgment or order made hereunder, and said appeal shall be given preference by the Court of Criminal Appeals.

      (b) In this section:

      (1) "Violent offense" means:

      (A) murder;

      (B) aggravated assault, if the accused used or exhibited a deadly weapon during the commission of the assault;

      (C) aggravated kidnapping; or

      (D) aggravated robbery.

      (2) "Sexual offense" means:

      (A) aggravated sexual assault;

      (B) sexual assault; or

      (C) indecency with a child.

      (Added Nov. 6, 1956; amended Nov. 8, 1977; Subsec. (a) amended and added Nov. 2, 1993.)

      Sec. 11b. VIOLATION OF CONDITION OF RELEASE PENDING TRIAL; DENIAL OF BAIL.

      Any person who is accused in this state of a felony or an offense involving family violence, who is released on bail pending trial, and whose bail is subsequently revoked or forfeited for a violation of a condition of release may be denied bail pending trial if a judge or magistrate in this state determines by a preponderance of the evidence at a subsequent hearing that the person violated a condition of release related to the safety of a victim of the alleged offense or to the safety of the community.

      (Added Nov. 8, 2005; amended Nov. 6, 2007.)

      Sec. 11c. VIOLATION OF AN ORDER FOR EMERGENCY PROTECTION INVOLVING FAMILY VIOLENCE.

      The legislature by general law may provide that any person who violates an order for emergency protection issued by a judge or magistrate after an arrest for an offense involving family violence or who violates an active protective order rendered by a court in a family violence case, including a temporary ex parte order that has been served on the person, or who engages in conduct that constitutes an offense involving the violation of an order described by this section may be taken into custody and, pending trial or other court proceedings, denied release on bail if following a hearing a judge or magistrate in this state determines by a preponderance of the evidence that the person violated the order or engaged in the conduct constituting the offense.

      (Added Nov. 6, 2007.)

      Sec. 12. HABEAS CORPUS.

      The writ of habeas corpus is a writ of right, and shall never be suspended. The Legislature shall enact laws to render the remedy speedy and effectual.

      Sec. 13. EXCESSIVE BAIL OR FINES; CRUEL AND UNUSUAL PUNISHMENT; REMEDY BY DUE COURSE OF LAW.

      Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel or unusual punishment inflicted. All courts shall be open, and every person for an injury done him, in his lands, goods, person or reputation, shall have remedy by due course of law.

      Sec. 14. DOUBLE JEOPARDY.

      No person, for the same offense, shall be twice put in jeopardy of life or liberty; nor shall a person be again put upon trial for the same offense after a verdict of not guilty in a court of competent jurisdiction.

      Sec. 15. RIGHT OF TRIAL BY JURY.

      The right of trial by jury shall remain inviolate. The Legislature shall pass such laws as may be needed to regulate the same, and to maintain its purity and efficiency. Provided, that the Legislature may provide for the temporary commitment, for observation and/or treatment, of mentally ill persons not charged with a criminal offense, for a period of time not to exceed ninety (90) days, by order of the County Court without the necessity of a trial by jury.

      (Amended Aug. 24, 1935.)

      Sec. 15-a. COMMITMENT OF PERSONS OF UNSOUND MIND.

      No person shall be committed as a person of unsound mind except on competent medical or psychiatric testimony. The Legislature may enact all laws necessary to provide for the trial, adjudication of insanity and commitment of persons of unsound mind and to provide for a method of appeal from judgments rendered in such cases. Such laws may provide for a waiver of trial by jury, in cases where the person under inquiry has not been charged with the commission of a criminal offense, by the concurrence of the person under inquiry, or his next of kin, and an attorney ad litem appointed by a judge of either the County or Probate Court of the county where the trial is being held, and shall provide for a method of service of notice of such trial upon the person under inquiry and of his right to demand a trial by jury.

      (Added Nov. 6, 1956.)

      Sec. 16. BILLS OF ATTAINDER; EX POST FACTO OR RETROACTIVE LAWS, IMPAIRING OBLIGATION OF CONTRACTS.

      No bill of attainder, ex post facto law, retroactive law, or any law impairing the obligation of contracts, shall be made.

      Sec. 17. TAKING, DAMAGING, OR DESTROYING PROPERTY FOR PUBLIC USE; SPECIAL PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES; CONTROL OF PRIVILEGES AND FRANCHISES.

      (a) No person's property shall be taken, damaged, or destroyed for or applied to public use without adequate compensation being made, unless by the consent of such person, and only if the taking, damage, or destruction is for:

      (1) the ownership, use, and enjoyment of the property, notwithstanding an incidental use, by:

      (A) the State, a political subdivision of the State, or the public at large; or

      (B) an entity granted the power of eminent domain under law; or

      (2) the elimination of urban blight on a particular parcel of property.

      (b) In this section, "public use" does not include the taking of property under Subsection (a) of this section for transfer to a private entity for the primary purpose of economic development or enhancement of tax revenues.

      (c) On or after January 1, 2010, the legislature may enact a general, local, or special law granting the power of eminent domain to an entity only on a two-thirds vote of all the members elected to each house.

      (d) When a person's property is taken under Subsection (a) of this section, except for the use of the State, compensation as described by Subsection (a) shall be first made, or secured by a deposit of money; and no irrevocable or uncontrollable grant of special privileges or immunities shall be made; but all privileges and franchises granted by the Legislature, or created under its authority, shall be subject to the control thereof.

      (Amended Nov. 3, 2009.)

      Sec. 18. IMPRISONMENT FOR DEBT.

      No person shall ever be imprisoned for debt.

      Sec. 19. DEPRIVATION OF LIFE, LIBERTY, ETC.; DUE COURSE OF LAW.

      No citizen of this State shall be deprived of life, liberty, property, privileges or immunities, or in any manner disfranchised, except СКАЧАТЬ