Ethnic Conflicts in the Baltic States in Post-soviet Period. Сборник статей

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      65 % of the Latvian-speaking respondents believe that history of Latvia is being misrepresented in mass media in Russia. This can be explained by the general attitude to that country formed as a result of the relevance of the said historical issues. The Russian-speaking respondents demonstrate the opposite trend, which shows a different interpretation of certain historic events and other historical memory in that group.

      The survey data have clearly shown the opposite views of the two studied groups on almost all key historical matters. Different values may significantly affect voting behaviour in the studied groups, so the author thinks that it is necessary to have a look at it in more detail in the next chapter.

      Voting behaviour of people in Latvia

      Voting behaviour is a complex of actions of people related to exercising their rights at local and national elections and referendums.

      Pursuant to the Latvian law, only citizens of Latvia aged 18 or more at the time of the elections can participate in the elections. Citizens of other EU counties living in Latvia permanently can also participate in the local elections and elections to the European Parliament. However, according to the population census, there are only 5885 such people,[20] which is about 0.3 % of all citizens of Latvia, and this figure is within acceptable statistical error and does not effect the outcome of the elections.

      According to the census, citizens of Latvia account for 83.5 %, and 14.2 % are non-citizens of Latvia, which is a separate group of Latvian residents without voting rights and cannot be considered Latvian voters.

      Non-citizens of Latvia are mainly Russian-speakers, while 99.9 % of ethnic Latvians are citizens. That is why the distribution by language among the citizens of Latvia is substantially different from that in the country as a whole. Of all the citizens who have specified their language of communication, 72.4 % use Latvian and only 26.9 % Russian language.[21] However, despite that, the results of the elections show what parties are supported by the Russian-speaking and Latvian-speaking citizens (see Fig. 7).

      Fig. 7. Partied elected to 11th Parliament.

      The map clearly shows that the Concord Centre received majority of the votes in the areas with a large share of Russian-speaking voters. The support of that party in different areas apparently depends on the share of the Russian-speaking voters living there. Where the number of Russian-speaking voters was below 5 %, the party balanced on the verge of 5 % threshold, but where their share was 40 % or more, its support was significantly higher. Correlation coefficient (r) between the share of non-ethnic Latvian citizens in the areas and votes given for the party is 0.976, and the coefficient of determination (R²) is 0.953 (see Fig. 8).

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      Примечания

      1

      Vladimir Buzayev. Legal status of Russian-speaking minority in Latvia. 2012, page 21. 21.

      2

      Ibid., page 23.

      3

      Conversion of the absolute data of Central Statistical Bureaus of Latvia and Estonia. No similar data are collected in Lithuania. Number of newborns is based on mother’s ethnicity. Data for the countries of origin of the ethnic minorities are taken from corresponding Wikipedia articles for each country.

      4

      Vladimir Buzayev. Legal status …, Chapter 1.

      5

      Ibid., page 123.

      6

      Ibid., page 130.

      7

      Ibid., page 127. Naturalisation data as on 01/01/2013

      8

      In both groups, underage persons (about 13 %) were excluded.

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Примечания

1

Vladimir Buzayev. Legal status of Russian-speaking minority in Latvia. 2012, page 21. 21.

2

Ibid., page 23.

3

Conversion of the absolute data of Central Statistical Bureaus of Latvia and Estonia. No similar data are collected in Lithuania. Number of newborns is based on mother’s ethnicity. Data for the countries of origin of the ethnic minorities are taken from corresponding Wikipedia articles for each country.

4

Vladimir Buzayev. Legal status …, Chapter 1.

5

Ibid., page 123.

6

Ibid., СКАЧАТЬ