The Politics of Mapping. Bernard Debarbieux
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Название: The Politics of Mapping

Автор: Bernard Debarbieux

Издательство: John Wiley & Sons Limited

Жанр: География

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isbn: 9781119986744

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СКАЧАТЬ social history of maps, unlike that of literature, art, or music, appears to have few genuinely popular, alternative, or subversive modes of expression. Maps are pre-eminently a language of power, not of protest” (p. 301). But perhaps Harley died too soon (1991) to observe the proliferation of protest mapping practices, which, although existing for several decades, only really took off in the 1990s. As a historian, moreover, observing social reality “in the making” was not his primary object of study.

      The same spirit can be found in the comic book writer Joaquín Salvador Lavado’s work, known as “QUINO”: his main character Mafalda, who became a cult in Argentina, and whose stories were published between 1963 and 1974, has a very critical and pessimistic view of society and the state of the world. In an excerpt from the comic strip, the little girl looks at a globe with astonishment, discovering that the inhabitants of the Southern Hemisphere live upside down. Drawing parallels between cartographic representations and the epistemological domination of the South by the North, she concludes that “Since we are living upside-down, the ideas fall off of us” (Lavado 2018 [1964], pp. 99–100).

      In a way, these manipulations of the constitutive principles of maps (projection, orientation and graphic language) for ideological purposes or cultural decentering are an extension of Harley’s own reflections in Deconstructing the Map on the “rule of ethnocentricity” of world maps (Harley 1989, p. 6). These diversions were innovative and powerfully evocative during the Cold War period, when questioning a Western-centric view of the world was not self-evident. Today they have become common practice. However, their pedagogical effectiveness continues to be proven today, leading students to question the conventionality of their worldview.

      As for marginalized social groups or social movements seeking to make their voices heard on the political scene (be it national, regional or international), their mobilization of “protest maps” (Wood et al. 2010) is aimed, above all, at influencing public policies on land use planning, land tenure or the management of natural resources, which are deemed to be unjust. This specific use of maps led Nancy Peluso (1995) to coin the neologism “counter-mapping”. As Irène Hirt explains in Chapter 7, Indigenous peoples were among the first social groups to make use of state language, techniques and modes of representation, as early as the 1950s and 1960s, with all the ambiguities that this implies for groups claiming to have a world view distinct from that of the state. Since then, other social and political actors have resorted to this strategy (see (Kollektiv Orangotango 2018) for a range of such practices). Indeed, the term has been so successful СКАЧАТЬ