Hebrew For Dummies. Jill Suzanne Jacobs

Чтение книги онлайн.

СКАЧАТЬ This is) (NB)

       אֶלָּא (ay-leh; these [are]) (MP/FP)

These words can function as the subject of an “is” sentence or as adjectives:

       זֶה מַפְתֵּחַ (zeh mahf-tay-ah): This is a key.

       הַמַּפְתֵּחַ הַזֶּה (hah -mahf-tay-ah hah-zeh)-: this key

      Getting personal

Personal pronouns are nouns that apply to particular people — or, um, persons. In English, the personal pronouns are “I”, “you,” “he,” “she,” “we,” and “they.” In Hebrew, there are four forms for the personal pronoun “you”: masculine singular (MS), feminine singular (FS), masculine plural (MP), and feminine plural (FP). The personal pronoun “they” has two forms: masculine and feminine (MP and FP). Table 2-2 shows subjective case (when the pronoun serves as the subject of the sentence) personal pronouns in Hebrew.

TABLE 2-2 Personal Pronouns Used as Subjects

Hebrew	Pronunciation	Translation
אֲנִי	ah-nee	I (M/F)
אַתָּה	ah-tah	you (MS)
אַתְּ	aht	you (FS)
הוּא	hoo	he
הִיא	hee	she
אֲנַחְנוּ	ah-nahch-noo	we (MP/FP)
אַתֶּם	ah-tehm	you (MP)
אֶתֵּן	ah-tehn	you (FP)
הֵם	hehm	they (MP)
הֵן	hehn	they (FP)

      Nonbinary Hebrew pronouns are emerging and gaining in acceptance. Suggestions from the Nonbinary Hebrew Project are as follows:

אַתֶּה	ah-teh	you (singular nonbinary)
אֲתְּמֵן	Aht -mehn	you (plural nonbinary)
הֶה	heh	they (singular)
הֶהמֵּן	hay mehn	they (nonbinary plural)

Hebrew also has what English calls objective case pronouns, personal pronouns used as the direct object of a verb (“she saw me”). I’m talking about the English words “me,” “you,” “him,” “her,” “us,” and “them.” Like other Hebrew pronouns, there are four forms of “you” in the objective case: masculine singular (MS), feminine singular (FS), masculine plural (MP), and feminine plural (FP). Table 2-3 lists the objective case pronouns.

TABLE 2-3 Personal Pronouns Used as Objects

Hebrew	Pronunciation	Translation
אוֹתִי	oh-tee	me (M/F/NB)
אוֹתְךָ	oht-ḥa	you (MS)
אוֹתָךְ	oh-taḥ	you (FS)
אוֹתוֹ	oh-toh	him
אוֹתָה	oh-tah	her
אוֹתָנוּ	oh-tah-noo	us (MP/FP)
אֶתְכֶם	eht-ḥem	you (MP)
אֶתְכֶן	eht-chen	you (FP)
אוֹתָם	oh-tahm	them (MP)
אוֹתָן	oh-tahn	them (FP)

      Showing possession

      Hebrew, like English, has stand-alone possessive pronouns, such as “mine,” “yours,” “his,” “ours,” and “theirs.” You’ll notice a few differences, however. First, the stand-alone possessive pronoun comes after the noun and not before, as in English. In addition, if an object has possession, it has to be a definite object, so you must add the prefix הַכּוֹבַע שֶׁלִּי (hah-koh-vah sheh-lee; literally: the hat mine).

In addition, Hebrew differentiates between the singular and plural “your” in both the masculine and feminine forms. Check out Table 2-4 to see the differences.

TABLE 2-4 Stand-Alone Possessive Pronouns

Hebrew СКАЧАТЬ В начало < 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 > В конец