the number of branc...Figure 8.44 The effect of branch correlationFigure 8.45 The effect of branch SNR differencesFigure 8.46 Diversity antennas in a DECT base‐stationFigure 8.47 Diversity antennas in a DECT handsetFigure 8.48 Permittivity of brain matter with frequencyFigure 8.49 Loss tangent of brain matter with frequencyFigure 8.50 Skin depth of brain matter with frequencyFigure 8.51 Typical match efficiency with users in and around the GSM 900 MH...Figure 8.52 Orientation of users with respect to the chamber coordinate syst...Figure 8.53 User‐averaged radiation pattern of “flip” at 1800 MHz. Radiation...Figure 8.54 User‐averaged radiation pattern of “PIFA‐1” at 1800 MHz. Radiati...Figure 8.55 Effects of components and hands on total efficiency of the anten...Figure 8.56 7‐cell cellular radio configuration with two different antennas...Figure 8.57 Three sectorial antennas to provide 360° cellular radio coverage...Figure 8.58 A penta‐band sectorial antenna with MIMO functionalityFigure 8.59 A discone antenna and its radiation pattern for mobile base‐stat...Figure 8.60 A broadband wall‐mounted antennaFigure 8.61 A broadband ceiling‐mounted antennaFigure 8.62 A MIMO systemFigure 8.63 CDF of relative SNR threshold for N different diversity branches...Figure 8.64 Duel‐polarized stacked patch antenna element and its performance...Figure 8.65 Proposed MIMO array (9 × 3) and its ECC performance [40]Figure 8.66 Common mode and differential mode for wire‐type antennas and slo...Figure 8.67 Resonances of monopole antennas of increasing length. E and J in...Figure 8.68 A monoopole antenna with a resonant trapFigure 8.69 Combined resonant structures (a) two monopoles (b) a helical and...Figure 8.70 Parasitically coupled monopole antennasFigure 8.71 A small helical antenna mounted on a mobile phone PCBFigure 8.72 A dual‐band helical antenna with two pitches for control of the ...Figure 8.73 A dual‐band helical antenna utilizing two different length windi...Figure 8.74 Some “fat monopole” antennasFigure 8.75 Resistance of a conical monopole with electrical length and flar...Figure 8.76 Reactance of a conical monopole with electrical length and flare...Figure 8.77 S11 in dB of a typical UWB antennaFigure 8.78 A simplified RFID systemFigure 8.79 A typical sequence of events for a tag to be powered, interrogat...Figure 8.80 Simplified reader and tag loop antennasFigure 8.81 A near field RFID systemFigure 8.82 Mutual coupling between reader and tag coilsFigure 8.83 Equivalent circuit of a tag antenna and ICFigure 8.84 Equivalent circuit of a tag antenna and ICFigure 8.85 Parallel equivalent circuit of a tag antenna and ICFigure 8.86 Single‐ and two‐layer tag coilsFigure 8.87 Coil antenna used within a passportFigure 8.88 Typical far field reader and tag antennasFigure 8.89 Path loss modelFigure 8.90 Variations of the shunt‐fed dipoleFigure 8.91 Simple switch equivalent circuit: (a) in the “ON” state, (b) in ...Figure 8.92 Fabrication detail of a typical MEMS switchFigure 8.93 A side view of a PIFA antenna that is tuned by a variable capaci...Figure 8.94 A “V” dipole with MEMS‐enabled beam‐steeringFigure 8.95 Classification of liquid antennasFigure 8.96 An example of remote sensing systems in an autonomous car (innov...Figure 8.97 A traditional whip/monopole antenna for car radioFigure 8.98 Three AM/FM/DAB antennasFigure 8.99 Vehicle‐level simulation for radio antenna at different frequenc...Figure 8.100 Typical shark‐fin antennas with and without a cameraFigure 8.101 Exploded view on Bosch LRR3 and the planar antenna elements fee...Figure 8.102 Receiving antenna and field distribution of a TPMSFigure 8.103 Examples of Reflector Antennas (clockwise from top left): FAST ...Figure 8.104 A simple reflector antenna modelFigure 8.105 Ray tracing approachFigure 8.106 Field distribution TE11 mode in circular waveguide – E‐field li...Figure 8.107 Open‐ended waveguide and choked waveguide horn feedsFigure 8.108 Basic Potter Horn designFigure 8.109 Typical Corrugated HornFigure 8.110 Two alternative dual reflector configurations (a) Gregorian geo...Figure 8.111 Beam Waveguide systemFigure 8.112 Blockage effects in circular symmetric reflectors (d and D are ...Figure 8.113 Simple Front Fed offset antennaFigure 8.114 Dual offset reflector geometriesFigure 8.115 Offset Cassegrain geometry showing subreflector axis tilt refle...Figure 8.116 Example of a shaped beam given a narrow pencil beam in the azim...
