Public Opinion: Political Essay. Walter Lippmann

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      Table of Contents

       Part I. Introduction

       Chapter I. The World Outside and the Pictures in Our Heads

       Part II. Approaches to the World Outside

       Chapter II. Censorship and Privacy

       Chapter III. Contact and Opportunity

       Chapter IV. Time and Attention

       Chapter V. Speed, Words, and Clearness

       Part III. Stereotypes

       Chapter VI. Stereotypes

       Chapter VII. Stereotypes as Defense

       Chapter VIII. Blind Spots and Their Value

       Chapter IX. Codes and Their Enemies

       Chapter X. The Detection of Stereotypes

       Part IV. Interests

       Chapter XI. The Enlisting of Interest

       Chapter XII. Self-Interest Reconsidered

       Part V. The Making of a Common Will

       Chapter XIII. The Transfer of Interest

       Chapter XIV. Yes or No

       Chapter XV. Leaders and the Rank and File

       Part VI. The Image of Democracy

       Chapter XVI. The Self-Centered Man

       Chapter XVII. The Self-Contained Community

       Chapter XVIII. The Role of Force, Patronage and Privilege

       Chapter XIX. The Old Image in a New Form: Guild Socialism

       Chapter XX. A New Image

       Part VII. Newspapers

       Chapter XXI. The Buying Public

       Chapter XXII. The Constant Reader

       Chapter XXIII. The Nature of News

       Chapter XXIV. News, Truth, and a Conclusion

       Part VIII. Organized Intelligence

       Chapter XXV. The Entering Wedge

       Chapter XXVI. Intelligence Work

       Chapter XXVII. The Appeal to the Public

       Chapter XXVIII. The Appeal to Reason

      To Faye Lippmann

      Wading River, Long Island. 1921.

      "Behold! human beings living in a sort of underground den, which has a mouth open towards the light and reaching all across the den; they have been here from their childhood, and have their legs and necks chained so that they cannot move, and can only see before them; for the chains are arranged in such a manner as to prevent them from turning round their heads. At a distance above and behind them the light of a fire is blazing, and between the fire and the prisoners there is a raised way; and you will see, if you look, a low wall built along the way, like the screen which marionette players have before them, over which they show the puppets.

      I see, he said.

      And do you see, I said, men passing along the wall carrying vessels, which appear over the wall; also figures of men and animals, made of wood and stone and various materials; and some of the prisoners, as you would expect, are talking, and some of them are silent?