The 2002 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ (including

       Republican Guard, Ground Forces, Naval Forces, and Air Force),

       Presidential Security Guard, Gendarmerie, National Police

      Military manpower - availability: males age 15-49: 845,182 (2002 est.)

      Military manpower - fit for military service: males age 15-49: 442,220 (2002 est.)

      Military expenditures - dollar figure: $29 million (FY96)

      Military expenditures - percent of GDP: 2.2% (FY96)

      Transnational Issues Central African Republic

      Disputes - international: none

      This page was last updated on 1 January 2002

      ========================================================================

      Cuba

      Introduction

      Cuba

      Background: Fidel CASTRO led a rebel army to victory in 1959; his iron rule has held the country together since. Cuba's Communist revolution, with Soviet support, was exported throughout Latin America and Africa during the 1960s, 70s, and 80s. The country is now slowly recovering from a severe economic recession in 1990, following the withdrawal of former Soviet subsidies, worth $4 billion to $6 billion annually. Havana portrays its difficulties as the result of the US embargo in place since 1961. Illicit migration to the US - using homemade rafts, alien smugglers, or falsified visas - is a continuing problem. Some 3,000 Cubans attempted the crossing of the Straits of Florida in 2001; the US Coast Guard interdicted only about 25% of these.

      Geography Cuba

      Location: Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and the North

       Atlantic Ocean, 150 km south of Key West, Florida

      Geographic coordinates: 21 30 N, 80 00 W

      Map references: Central America and the Caribbean

      Area: total: 110,860 sq km water: 0 sq km land: 110,860 sq km

      Area - comparative: slightly smaller than Pennsylvania

      Land boundaries: US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay 29 km note: Coastline: 3,735 km

      Maritime claims: exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM

      Climate: tropical; moderated by trade winds; dry season (November to

       April); rainy season (May to October)

      Terrain: mostly flat to rolling plains, with rugged hills and mountains in the southeast

      Elevation extremes: lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point:

       Pico Turquino 2,005 m

      Natural resources: cobalt, nickel, iron ore, copper, manganese, salt, timber, silica, petroleum, arable land

      Land use: arable land: 33% other: 59% (1998 est.) permanent crops: 8%

      Irrigated land: 870 sq km (1998 est.)

      Natural hazards: the east coast is subject to hurricanes from August to October (in general, the country averages about one hurricane every other year); droughts are common

      Environment - current issues: air and water pollution; biodiversity loss; deforestation

      Environment - international agreements: party to: Antarctic Treaty,

       Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species,

       Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine

       Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but

       not ratified: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Climate Change-Kyoto

       Protocol, Marine Life Conservation

      Geography - note: largest country in Caribbean and westernmost island of the Greater Antilles

      People Cuba

      Population: 11,224,321 (July 2002 est.)

      Age structure: 0-14 years: 20.6% (male 1,188,125; female 1,125,743) 15-64 years: 69.3% (male 3,902,162; female 3,880,531) 65 years and over: 10.1% (male 520,849; female 606,911) (2002 est.)

      Population growth rate: 0.35% (2002 est.)

      Birth rate: 12.08 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)

      Death rate: 7.35 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)

      Net migration rate: -1.21 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)

      Sex ratio: at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.86 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2002 est.)

      Infant mortality rate: 7.27 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth: 79.15 years (2002 est.) male: Total fertility rate: 1.6 children born/woman (2002 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 0.03% (1999 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: 2,800 (2001 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - deaths: 120 (1999 est.)

      Nationality: noun: Cuban(s) adjective: Cuban

      Ethnic groups: mulatto 51%, white 37%, black 11%, Chinese 1%

      Religions: nominally 85% Roman Catholic prior to CASTRO assuming power;

       Protestants, Jehovah's Witnesses, Jews, and Santeria are also represented

      Languages: Spanish

      Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write male: 96.2% female: 95.3% (1995 est.) total population: 95.7%

      People - note: illicit migration is a continuing problem; Cubans attempt to depart the island and enter the US using homemade rafts, alien smugglers, direct flights, or falsified visas; some 3,000 Cubans took to the Straits of Florida in 2001; the US Coast Guard interdicted about 25% of these migrants; Cubans also use non-maritime routes to enter the US; some 2,400 Cubans arrived overland via the southwest border and direct flights to Miami in 2000

      Government Cuba

      Country name: conventional long form: Republic of Cuba conventional short form: Cuba local short form: Cuba local long form: Republica de Cuba

      Government type: Communist state

      Capital: Havana

      Administrative divisions: 14 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia)

       and 1 special municipality* (municipio especial); Camaguey, Ciego de

       Avila, Cienfuegos, Ciudad СКАЧАТЬ