The 1996 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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      Railways:

       total: 6,782 km

       broad gauge: 3,743 km 1.676-m gauge (1,653 km electrified)

       narrow gauge: 116 km 1.067-m gauge; 2,923 km 1.000-m gauge (40 km

       electrified) (1995)

      Highways: total: 79,593 km paved: 10,984 km unpaved: 68,609 km (1991 est.)

      Waterways: 725 km

      Pipelines: crude oil 755 km; petroleum products 785 km; natural

       gas 320 km

      Ports: Antofagasta, Arica, Chanarol, Coquimbo, Iquique, Puerto

       Montt, Punta Arenas, San Antonio, San Vicente, Talcahuano, Valparaiso

      Merchant marine:

       total: 37 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 529,512 GRT/925,364 DWT

       ships by type: bulk 11, cargo 8, chemical tanker 4, combination

       ore/oil 2, container 1, liquefied gas tanker 2, oil tanker 4,

       roll-on/roll-off cargo 3, vehicle carrier 2 (1995 est.)

      Airports:

       total: 344

       with paved runways over 3 047 m: 5

       with paved runways 2 438 to 3 047 m: 5

       with paved runways 1 524 to 2 437 m: 17

       with paved runways 914 to 1 523 m: 16

       with paved runways under 914 m: 220

       with unpaved runways 2 438 to 3 047 m: 3

       with unpaved runways 1 524 to 2 437 m: 10

       with unpaved runways 914 to 1 523 m: 68 (1995 est.)

      Communications———————

      Telephones: 1.5 million (1994 est.)

      Telephone system: modern system based on extensive microwave radio

       relay facilities

       domestic: extensive microwave radio relay links; domestic satellite

       system with 3 earth stations

       international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)

      Radio broadcast stations: AM 159, FM 0, shortwave 11

      Radios: NA

      Television broadcast stations: 131

      Televisions: 2.85 million (1992 est.)

      Defense———

      Branches: Army of the Nation, National Navy (includes Naval Air,

       Coast Guard, and Marines), Air Force of the Nation, Carabineros of

       Chile (National Police), Investigations Police

      Manpower availability: males age 15–49: 3,808,655 males fit for military service: 2,832,198 males reach military age (19) annually: 123,443 (1996 est.)

      Defense expenditures: exchange rate conversion - $970 million, 2.0% of GDP (1994 est.)

      ======================================================================

      @China——

      (also see separate Taiwan entry)

      Map—

      Location: 35 00 N, 105 00 E—Eastern Asia, bordering the East

       China Sea, Korea Bay, Yellow Sea, and South China Sea, between North

       Korea and Vietnam

      Flag——

      Description: red with a large yellow five-pointed star and four smaller yellow five-pointed stars (arranged in a vertical arc toward the middle of the flag) in the upper hoist-side corner

      Geography————

      Location: Eastern Asia, bordering the East China Sea, Korea Bay,

       Yellow Sea, and South China Sea, between North Korea and Vietnam

      Geographic coordinates: 35 00 N, 105 00 E

      Map references: Asia

      Area:

       total area: 9,596,960 sq km

       land area: 9,326,410 sq km

       comparative area: slightly larger than the US

      Land boundaries:

       total: 22,143.34 km

       border countries: Afghanistan 76 km, Bhutan 470 km, Burma 2,185 km,

       Hong Kong 30 km, India 3,380 km, Kazakstan 1,533 km, North Korea

       1,416 km, Kyrgyzstan 858 km, Laos 423 km, Macau 0.34 km, Mongolia

       4,673 km, Nepal 1,236 km, Pakistan 523 km, Russia (northeast) 3,605

       km, Russia (northwest) 40 km, Tajikistan 414 km, Vietnam 1,281 km

      Coastline: 14,500 km

      Maritime claims:

       continental shelf: claim to shallow areas of East China Sea and

       Yellow Sea

       territorial sea: 12 nm

      International disputes: boundary with India in dispute; disputed

       sections of the boundary with Russia remain to be settled; boundary

       with Tajikistan in dispute; short section of the boundary with North

       Korea is indefinite; involved in a complex dispute over the Spratly

       Islands with Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan, Vietnam, and possibly

       Brunei; maritime boundary dispute with Vietnam in the Gulf of

       Tonkin; Paracel Islands occupied by China, but claimed by Vietnam

       and Taiwan; claims Japanese-administered Senkaku-shoto (Senkaku

       Islands/Diaoyu Tai), as does Taiwan

      Climate: extremely diverse; tropical in south to subarctic in north

      Terrain: mostly mountains, high plateaus, deserts in west; plains, deltas, and hills in east lowest point: Turpan Pendi −154 m highest point: Mount Everest 8,848 m

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