The 1994 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

Чтение книги онлайн.

       military age (20) annually 54,027 (1994 est.)

       Defense expenditures:

       exchange rate conversion - $58 million, 5.6% of GDP (1989)

      @Chile, Geography

      Location:

       Southern South America, bordering the South Pacific Ocean between

       Argentina and Peru

       Map references:

       South America, Standard Time Zones of the World

       Area:

       total area:

       756,950 sq km

       land area:

       748,800 sq km

       comparative area:

       slightly smaller than twice the size of Montana

       note:

       includes Isla de Pascua (Easter Island) and Isla Sala y Gomez

       Land boundaries:

       total 6,171 km, Argentina 5,150 km, Bolivia 861 km, Peru 160 km

       Coastline:

       6,435 km

       Maritime claims:

       contiguous zone:

       24 nm

       continental shelf:

       200 nm

       exclusive economic zone:

       200 nm

       territorial sea:

       12 nm

       International disputes:

       short section of the southern boundary with Argentina is indefinite;

       Bolivia has wanted a sovereign corridor to the South Pacific Ocean

       since the Atacama area was lost to Chile in 1884; dispute with Bolivia

       over Rio Lauca water rights; territorial claim in Antarctica (Chilean

       Antarctic Territory) partially overlaps Argentine and British claims

       Climate:

       temperate; desert in north; cool and damp in south

       Terrain:

       low coastal mountains; fertile central valley; rugged Andes in east

       Natural resources:

       copper, timber, iron ore, nitrates, precious metals, molybdenum

       Land use:

       arable land:

       7%

       permanent crops:

       0%

       meadows and pastures:

       16%

       forest and woodland:

       21%

       other:

       56%

       Irrigated land:

       12,650 sq km (1989 est.)

       Environment:

       current issues:

       air pollution from industrial and vehicle emissions; water pollution

       from untreated sewage; deforestation contributing to loss of

       biodiversity; soil erosion; desertification

       natural hazards:

       subject to severe earthquakes; active volcanism; tsunamis

       international agreements:

       party to - Antarctic Treaty, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes,

       Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands,

       Whaling; signed, but not ratified - Antarctic-Environmental Protocol,

       Biodiversity, Climate Change, Law of the Sea

       Note:

       strategic location relative to sea lanes between Atlantic and Pacific

       Oceans (Strait of Magellan, Beagle Channel, Drake Passage); Atacama

       Desert one of world's driest regions

      @Chile, People

      Population:

       13,950,557 (July 1994 est.)

       Population growth rate:

       1.51% (1994 est.)

       Birth rate:

       20.59 births/1,000 population (1994 est.)

       Death rate:

       5.49 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.)

       Net migration rate:

       0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.)

       Infant mortality rate:

       15.1 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.)

       Life expectancy at birth:

       total population:

       74.51 years

       male:

       71.52 years

       female:

       77.65 years (1994 est.)

       Total fertility rate:

       2.5 children born/woman (1994 est.)

       Nationality:

       noun:

       Chilean(s)

       adjective:

       Chilean

       Ethnic divisions:

       European and European-Indian 95%, Indian 3%, other 2%

       Religions:

       Roman Catholic 89%, Protestant 11%, Jewish

       Languages:

       Spanish

       СКАЧАТЬ