The 2008 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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      60,100 (2006)

      Telephone system:

      general assessment: good domestic: fully automatic digital telephone system; fiber optic trunk lines international: country code - 1–441; landing point for the Atlantica-1 telecommunications submarine cable that extends from the US to Brazil; satellite earth stations - 3 (2007)

      Radio broadcast stations:

      AM 5, FM 3, shortwave 0 (2005)

      Radios:

      82,000 (1997)

      Television broadcast stations:

      3 (2005)

      Televisions:

      66,000 (1997)

      Internet country code:

      .bm

      Internet hosts:

      1,628 (2008)

      Internet Service Providers (ISPs):

      20 (2000)

      Internet users:

      48,000 (2007)

      Transportation

       Bermuda

      Airports:

      1 (2007)

      Airports - with paved runways:

      total: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2007)

      Roadways:

      total: 447 km paved: 447 km note: public roads - 225 km; private roads - 222 km (2007)

      Merchant marine:

      total: 137 by type: bulk carrier 23, chemical tanker 3, container 22, liquefied gas 33, passenger 24, passenger/cargo 5, petroleum tanker 18, refrigerated cargo 9 foreign-owned: 115 (Australia 1, China 10, France 1, Germany 22, Greece 9, Hong Kong 4, Ireland 1, Israel 3, Japan 2, Nigeria 11, Norway 5, Sweden 20, UK 3, US 23) registered in other countries: 50 (Bahamas 12, Marshall Islands 4, Philippines 34) (2008)

      Ports and terminals:

      Hamilton, Saint George

      Military

       Bermuda

      Military branches:

      Bermuda Regiment (2008)

      Military service age and obligation:

      18–23 years of age; eligible men required to register for conscription as needed into the Bermuda Regiment, which is largely voluntary; term of service 39 months (2007)

      Manpower available for military service:

      males age 16–49: 15,623 (2008 est.)

      Manpower fit for military service:

      males age 16–49: 12,682 (2008 est.)

      Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:

      male: 426 female: 445 (2008 est.)

      Military expenditures:

      0.11% of GDP (2005 est.)

      Military - note:

      defense is the responsibility of the UK

      Transnational Issues

       Bermuda

      Disputes - international:

      none

      This page was last updated on 18 December, 2008

      ======================================================================

      @Bhutan

      Introduction

       Bhutan

      Background:

      In 1865, Britain and Bhutan signed the Treaty of Sinchulu, under which Bhutan would receive an annual subsidy in exchange for ceding some border land to British India. Under British influence, a monarchy was set up in 1907; three years later, a treaty was signed whereby the British agreed not to interfere in Bhutanese internal affairs and Bhutan allowed Britain to direct its foreign affairs. This role was assumed by independent India after 1947. Two years later, a formal Indo-Bhutanese accord returned the areas of Bhutan annexed by the British, formalized the annual subsidies the country received, and defined India's responsibilities in defense and foreign relations. A refugee issue of over 100,000 Bhutanese in Nepal remains unresolved; 90% of the refugees are housed in seven United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) camps. In March 2005, King Jigme Singye WANGCHUCK unveiled the government's draft constitution - which would introduce major democratic reforms - and pledged to hold a national referendum for its approval. In December 2006, the King abdicated the throne to his son, Jigme Khesar Namgyel WANGCHUCK, in order to give him experience as head of state before the democratic transition. In early 2007, India and Bhutan renegotiated their treaty to allow Bhutan greater autonomy in conducting its foreign policy, although Thimphu continues to coordinate policy decisions in this area with New Delhi. In July 2007, seven ministers of Bhutan's ten-member cabinet resigned to join the political process, and the cabinet acted as a caretaker regime until democratic elections for seats to the country's first parliament were completed in March 2008. The king ratified the country's first constitution in July 2008.

      Geography

       Bhutan

      Location:

      Southern Asia, between China and India

      Geographic coordinates:

      27 30 N, 90 30 E

      Map references:

      Asia

      Area:

      total: 47,000 sq km land: 47,000 sq km water: 0 sq km

      Area - comparative:

      about one-half the size of Indiana

      Land boundaries:

      total: 1,075 km border countries: China 470 km, India 605 km

      Coastline:

      0 km (landlocked)

      Maritime claims:

      none (landlocked)

      Climate:

      varies; СКАЧАТЬ