The 2005 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

Чтение книги онлайн.

СКАЧАТЬ country; the highest peaks are in the northern Vakhan (Wakhan

       Corridor)

      People Afghanistan

      Population:

       29,928,987 (July 2005 est.)

      Age structure:

       0–14 years: 44.7% (male 6,842,857/female 6,524,485)

       15–64 years: 52.9% (male 8,124,077/female 7,713,603)

       65 years and over: 2.4% (male 353,193/female 370,772) (2005 est.)

      Median age:

       total: 17.56 years

       male: 17.55 years

       female: 17.57 years (2005 est.)

      Population growth rate:

       4.77%

       note: this rate does not take into consideration the recent war and

       its continuing impact (2005 est.)

      Birth rate:

       47.02 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)

      Death rate:

       20.75 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

      Net migration rate:

       21.43 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)

      Sex ratio:

       at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female

       under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female

       15–64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female

       65 years and over: 0.95 male(s)/female

       total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2005 est.)

      Infant mortality rate:

       total: 163.07 deaths/1,000 live births

       male: 167.79 deaths/1,000 live births

       female: 158.12 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth:

       total population: 42.9 years

       male: 42.71 years

       female: 43.1 years (2005 est.)

      Total fertility rate:

       6.75 children born/woman (2005 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:

       0.01% (2001 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:

       NA

      HIV/AIDS - deaths:

       NA

      Major infectious diseases: degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: malaria is a high risk countrywide below 2,000 meters from March through November animal contact disease: rabies (2004)

      Nationality:

       noun: Afghan(s)

       adjective: Afghan

      Ethnic groups:

       Pashtun 42%, Tajik 27%, Hazara 9%, Uzbek 9%, Aimak 4%, Turkmen 3%,

       Baloch 2%, other 4%

      Religions:

       Sunni Muslim 80%, Shi'a Muslim 19%, other 1%

      Languages:

       Afghan Persian or Dari (official) 50%, Pashtu (official) 35%,

       Turkic languages (primarily Uzbek and Turkmen) 11%, 30 minor

       languages (primarily Balochi and Pashai) 4%, much bilingualism

      Literacy:

       definition: age 15 and over can read and write

       total population: 36%

       male: 51%

       female: 21% (1999 est.)

      People - note:

       of the estimated 4 million refugees in October 2001, 2.3 million

       have returned

      Government Afghanistan

      Country name:

       conventional long form: Islamic Republic of Afghanistan

       conventional short form: Afghanistan

       local long form: Jomhuri-ye Eslami-ye Afghanestan

       local short form: Afghanestan

       former: Republic of Afghanistan

      Government type:

       Islamic republic

      Capital:

       Kabul

      Administrative divisions:

       34 provinces (velayat, singular - velayat); Badakhshan, Badghis,

       Baghlan, Balkh, Bamian, Daykondi, Farah, Faryab, Ghazni, Ghowr,

       Helmand, Herat, Jowzjan, Kabol, Kandahar, Kapisa, Khowst, Konar,

       Kondoz, Laghman, Lowgar, Nangarhar, Nimruz, Nurestan, Oruzgan,

       Paktia, Paktika, Panjshir, Parvan, Samangan, Sar-e Pol, Takhar,

       Vardak, and Zabol

      Independence:

       19 August 1919 (from UK control over Afghan foreign affairs)

      National holiday:

       Independence Day, 19 August (1919)

      Constitution:

       new constitution drafted 14 December 2003 - 4 January 2004; signed

       16 January 2004

      Legal system:

       according to the new constitution, no law should be "contrary to

       Islam"; the state is obliged to create a prosperous and progressive

       society based on social justice, protection of human dignity,

       protection of human rights, realization of democracy, and to ensure

       national unity and equality among all СКАЧАТЬ