The 2004 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

Чтение книги онлайн.

СКАЧАТЬ Rule of Law 12, ARF (Dashnak) 11,

       National Unity 9, United Labor 6; note - seats by party change

       frequently as deputies switch parties or announce themselves

       independent

      Judicial branch:

       Constitutional Court; Court of Cassation (Appeals Court)

      Political parties and leaders:

       Agro-Industrial Party [Vladimir BADALIAN]; Armenia Party [Myasnik

       MALKHASYAN]; Armenian National Movement or ANM [Alex ARZUMANYAN,

       chairman]; Armenian Ramkavar Liberal Party or HRAK [Harutyun

       MIRZAKHANYAN, chairman]; Armenian Revolutionary Federation

       ("Dashnak" Party) or ARF [Vahan HOVHANISSIAN]; Democratic Party

       [Aram SARKISYAN]; Justice Bloc (comprised of the Democratic Party,

       National Democratic Party, National Democratic Union, and the

       People's Party); National Democratic Party [Shavarsh KOCHARIAN];

       National Democratic Union or NDU [Vazgen MANUKIAN]; National Unity

       Party [Artashes GEGAMIAN, chairman]; People's Party of Armenia

       [Stepan DEMIRCHYAN]; Republic Party [Albert BAZEYAN and Aram

       SARKISYAN, chairmen]; Republican Party or RPA [Andranik MARKARYAN];

       Rule of Law Party [Artur BAGDASARIAN, chairman]; Union of

       Constitutional Rights [Hrant KHACHATURYAN]; United Labor Party

       [Gurgen ARSENIAN]

      Political pressure groups and leaders:

       Yerkrapah Union [Manvel GRIGORIAN]

      International organization participation:

       BSEC, CE, CIS, EAPC, EBRD, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory),

       ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU,

       MIGA, NAM (observer), OAS (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PFP, UN, UNCTAD,

       UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO

      Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Arman KIRAKOSSIAN consulate(s) general: Los Angeles FAX: [1] (202) 319–2982 telephone: [1] (202) 319–1976 chancery: 2225 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008

      Diplomatic representation from the US:

       chief of mission: Ambassador John M. EVANS

       embassy: 18 Baghramyan Ave., Yerevan 375019

       mailing address: American Embassy Yerevan, Department of State, 7020

       Yerevan Place, Washington, DC 20521–7020

       telephone: [374](1) 521–611, 520–791, 542–117, 542–132, 524–661,

       527–001, 524–840

       FAX: [374](1) 520–800

      Flag description:

       three equal horizontal bands of red (top), blue, and orange

      Economy Armenia

      Economy - overview:

       Under the old Soviet central planning system, Armenia had developed

       a modern industrial sector, supplying machine tools, textiles, and

       other manufactured goods to sister republics in exchange for raw

       materials and energy. Since the implosion of the USSR in December

       1991, Armenia has switched to small-scale agriculture away from the

       large agroindustrial complexes of the Soviet era. The agricultural

       sector has long-term needs for more investment and updated

       technology. The privatization of industry has been at a slower pace,

       but has been given renewed emphasis by the current administration.

       Armenia is a food importer, and its mineral deposits (copper, gold,

       bauxite) are small. The ongoing conflict with Azerbaijan over the

       ethnic Armenian-dominated region of Nagorno-Karabakh and the breakup

       of the centrally directed economic system of the former Soviet Union

       contributed to a severe economic decline in the early 1990s. By

       1994, however, the Armenian Government had launched an ambitious

       IMF-sponsored economic liberalization program that resulted in

       positive growth rates in 1995–2003. Armenia joined the WTrO in

       January 2003. Armenia also has managed to slash inflation, stabilize

       the local currency (the dram), and privatize most small- and

       medium-sized enterprises. The chronic energy shortages Armenia

       suffered in the early and mid-1990s have been offset by the energy

       supplied by one of its nuclear power plants at Metsamor. Armenia is

       now a net energy exporter, although it does not have sufficient

       generating capacity to replace Metsamor, which is under

       international pressure to close. The electricity distribution system

       was privatized in 2002. Armenia's severe trade imbalance has been

       offset somewhat by international aid and foreign direct investment.

       Economic ties with Russia remain close, especially in the energy

       sector.

      GDP:

       purchasing power parity - $11.79 billion (2003 est.)

      GDP - real growth rate:

       9.9% (2003 est.)

      GDP - per capita:

       purchasing power parity - $3,500 (2003 est.)

      GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 23.4% industry: 35.1% services: 41.5% (2003 est.)

      Investment (gross fixed):

       19.8% of GDP (2003)

      Population below poverty line:

       50% (2002 est.)

      Household СКАЧАТЬ