The 2004 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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      @Argentina

      Introduction Argentina

      Background:

       Following independence from Spain in 1816, Argentina experienced

       periods of internal political conflict between conservatives and

       liberals and between civilian and military factions. After World War

       II, a long period of Peronist authoritarian rule and interference in

       subsequent governments was followed by a military junta that took

       power in 1976. Democracy returned in 1983, and numerous elections

       since then have underscored Argentina's progress in democratic

       consolidation.

      Geography Argentina

      Location:

       Southern South America, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between

       Chile and Uruguay

      Geographic coordinates:

       34 00 S, 64 00 W

      Map references:

       South America

      Area:

       total: 2,766,890 sq km

       land: 2,736,690 sq km

       water: 30,200 sq km

      Area - comparative:

       slightly less than three-tenths the size of the US

      Land boundaries:

       total: 9,665 km

       border countries: Bolivia 832 km, Brazil 1,224 km, Chile 5,150 km,

       Paraguay 1,880 km, Uruguay 579 km

      Coastline:

       4,989 km

      Maritime claims:

       territorial sea: 12 nm

       continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin

       exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

       contiguous zone: 24 nm

      Climate:

       mostly temperate; arid in southeast; subantarctic in southwest

      Terrain:

       rich plains of the Pampas in northern half, flat to rolling plateau

       of Patagonia in south, rugged Andes along western border

      Elevation extremes:

       lowest point: Laguna del Carbon −105 m (located between Puerto San

       Julian and Comandante Luis Piedra Buena in the province of Santa

       Cruz)

       highest point: Cerro Aconcagua 6,960 m (located in the northwestern

       corner of the province of Mendoza)

      Natural resources:

       fertile plains of the pampas, lead, zinc, tin, copper, iron ore,

       manganese, petroleum, uranium

      Land use: arable land: 12.31% permanent crops: 0.48% other: 87.21% (2001)

      Irrigated land:

       15,610 sq km (1998 est.)

      Natural hazards:

       San Miguel de Tucuman and Mendoza areas in the Andes subject to

       earthquakes; pamperos are violent windstorms that can strike the

       pampas and northeast; heavy flooding

      Environment - current issues: environmental problems (urban and rural) typical of an industrializing economy such as deforestation, soil degradation, desertification, air pollution, and water pollution note: Argentina is a world leader in setting voluntary greenhouse gas targets

      Environment - international agreements:

       party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living

       Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate

       Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered

       Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the

       Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution,

       Wetlands, Whaling

       signed, but not ratified: Marine Life Conservation

      Geography - note:

       second-largest country in South America (after Brazil); strategic

       location relative to sea lanes between the South Atlantic and the

       South Pacific Oceans (Strait of Magellan, Beagle Channel, Drake

       Passage); Cerro Aconcagua is South America's tallest mountain, while

       Laguna del Carbon is the lowest point in the Western Hemisphere

      People Argentina

      Population:

       39,144,753 (July 2004 est.)

      Age structure:

       0–14 years: 25.9% (male 5,179,236; female 4,947,234)

       15–64 years: 63.6% (male 12,452,566; female 12,457,451)

       65 years and over: 10.5% (male 1,685,371; female 2,422,895) (2004

       est.)

      Median age:

       total: 29.2 years

       male: 28.3 years

       female: 30.1 years (2004 est.)

      Population growth rate:

       1.02% (2004 est.)

      Birth rate:

       17.19 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)

      Death rate:

       7.57 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

      Net migration rate:

       0.61 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)

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