The 1999 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ southwest

      Terrain: rich plains of the Pampas in northern half, flat to

       rolling plateau of Patagonia in south, rugged Andes along western

       border

      Elevation extremes:

       lowest point: Salinas Chicas −40 m (located on Peninsula Valdes)

       highest point: Cerro Aconcagua 6,962 m

      Natural resources: fertile plains of the pampas, lead, zinc, tin,

       copper, iron ore, manganese, petroleum, uranium

      Land use:

       arable land: 9%

       permanent crops: 1%

       permanent pastures: 52%

       forests and woodland: 19%

       other: 19% (1993 est.)

      Irrigated land: 17,000 sq km (1993 est.)

      Natural hazards: San Miguel de Tucuman and Mendoza areas in the Andes subject to earthquakes; pamperos are violent windstorms that can strike the Pampas and northeast; heavy flooding

      Environment—current issues: erosion results from inadequate flood controls and improper land use practices; irrigated soil degradation; desertification; air pollution in Buenos Aires and other major cities; water pollution in urban areas; rivers becoming polluted due to increased pesticide and fertilizer use

      Environment—international agreements:

       party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty,

       Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species,

       Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine

       Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution,

       Wetlands, Whaling

       signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Marine Life

       Conservation

      Geography—note: second-largest country in South America (after

       Brazil); strategic location relative to sea lanes between South

       Atlantic and South Pacific Oceans (Strait of Magellan, Beagle

       Channel, Drake Passage)

      People

      Population: 36,737,664 (July 1999 est.)

      Age structure:

       0–14 years: 27% (male 5,124,087; female 4,932,060)

       15–64 years: 62% (male 11,457,399; female 11,469,346)

       65 years and over: 11% (male 1,553,158; female 2,201,614) (1999 est.)

      Population growth rate: 1.29% (1999 est.)

      Birth rate: 19.91 births/1,000 population (1999 est.)

      Death rate: 7.64 deaths/1,000 population (1999 est.)

      Net migration rate: 0.65 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1999 est.)

      Sex ratio:

       at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female

       under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female

       15–64 years: 1 male(s)/female

       65 years and over: 0.71 male(s)/female

       total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (1999 est.)

      Infant mortality rate: 18.41 deaths/1,000 live births (1999 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth: total population: 74.76 years male: 71.13 years female: 78.56 years (1999 est.)

      Total fertility rate: 2.66 children born/woman (1999 est.)

      Nationality: noun: Argentine(s) adjective: Argentine

      Ethnic groups: white 85%, mestizo, Amerindian, or other nonwhite

       groups 15%

      Religions: nominally Roman Catholic 90% (less than 20%

       practicing), Protestant 2%, Jewish 2%, other 6%

      Languages: Spanish (official), English, Italian, German, French

      Literacy:

       definition: age 15 and over can read and write

       total population: 96.2%

       male: 96.2%

       female: 96.2% (1995 est.)

      Government

      Country name:

       conventional long form: Argentine Republic

       conventional short form: Argentina

       local long form: Republica Argentina

       local short form: Argentina

      Data code: AR

      Government type: republic

      Capital: Buenos Aires

      Administrative divisions: 23 provinces (provincias,

       singular—provincia), and 1 federal district* (distrito federal);

       Buenos Aires; Catamarca; Chaco; Chubut; Cordoba; Corrientes;

       Distrito Federal*; Entre Rios; Formosa; Jujuy; La Pampa; La Rioja;

       Mendoza; Misiones; Neuquen; Rio Negro; Salta; San Juan; San Luis;

       Santa Cruz; Santa Fe; Santiago del Estero; Tierra del Fuego,

       Antartida e Islas del Atlantico Sur; Tucuman

       note: the US does not recognize any claims to Antarctica

      Independence: 9 July 1816 (from Spain)

      National holiday: Revolution Day, 25 May (1810)

      Constitution: 1 May 1853; revised August 1994

      Legal system: mixture of US and West European legal systems; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

      Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

      Executive branch:

       chief of state: President Carlos Saul MENEM (since 8 July 1989);

       Vice President Carlos RUCKAUF (since 8 July 1995); note—the

       president СКАЧАТЬ