The 2010 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

Чтение книги онлайн.

СКАЧАТЬ (31 December 2010 est.)

      $8.019 billion (31 December 2009 est.)

      Exchange rates:

      1 (2010), 1 (2009)

      note: the US dollar is legal tender

      Communications ::Ecuador

      Telephones - main lines in use:

      2.004 million (2009) country comparison to the world: 56

      Telephones - mobile cellular:

      13.635 million (2009) country comparison to the world: 52

      Telephone system:

      general assessment: generally elementary but being expanded

      domestic: fixed-line services provided by multiple telecommunications operators; fixed-line teledensity stands at about 14 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular use has surged and subscribership reached about 95 per 100 persons in 2009

      international: country code - 593; landing points for the PAN-AM and South America-1 submarine cables that provide links to the west coast of South America, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, and extending onward to Aruba and the US Virgin Islands in the Caribbean; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2009)

      Broadcast media:

      private broadcast media dominate; all stations are privately-owned except for 1 government-controlled station; multiple television networks, a number of national TV channels, and a large number of local channels; more than 400 radio stations; broadcast media required by law to give the government free air time to broadcast programs produced by the state (2007)

      Internet country code:

      .ec

      Internet hosts:

      67,975 (2010) country comparison to the world: 82

      Internet users:

      3.352 million (2009) country comparison to the world: 64

      Transportation ::Ecuador

      Airports:

      428 (2010) country comparison to the world: 18

      Airports - with paved runways:

      total: 105

      over 3,047 m: 3

      2,438 to 3,047 m: 5

      1,524 to 2,437 m: 17

      914 to 1,523 m: 25

      under 914 m: 55 (2010)

      Airports - with unpaved runways:

      total: 323

      914 to 1,523 m: 39

      under 914 m: 284 (2010)

      Heliports:

      2 (2010)

      Pipelines:

      extra heavy crude 435 km; gas 5 km; oil 1,374 km; refined products 1,301 km (2009)

      Railways:

      total: 965 km country comparison to the world: 91 narrow gauge: 965 km 1.067-m gauge (2008)

      Roadways:

      total: 43,670 km country comparison to the world: 86 paved: 6,472 km

      unpaved: 37,198 km (2006)

      Waterways:

      1,500 km (most inaccessible) (2010) country comparison to the world: 54

      Merchant marine:

      total: 41 country comparison to the world: 76 by type: cargo 1, chemical tanker 3, liquefied gas 1, passenger 9, petroleum tanker 26, refrigerated cargo 1

      registered in other countries: 7 (Bolivia 1, Panama 6) (2010)

      Ports and terminals:

      Esmeraldas, Guayaquil, Manta, Puerto Bolivar

      Military ::Ecuador

      Military branches:

      Army, Navy (includes Naval Infantry, Naval Aviation, Coast Guard),

       Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Ecuatoriana, FAE) (2007)

      Military service age and obligation:

      20 years of age for selective conscript military service; 12-month service obligation (2008)

      Manpower available for military service:

      males age 16–49: 3,662,176

      females age 16–49: 3,781,102 (2010 est.)

      Manpower fit for military service:

      males age 16–49: 2,770,465

      females age 16–49: 3,217,235 (2010 est.)

      Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:

      male: 150,296

      female: 145,184 (2010 est.)

      Military expenditures:

      0.9% of GDP (2009) country comparison to the world: 138

      Transnational Issues ::Ecuador

      Disputes - international:

      organized illegal narcotics operations in Colombia penetrate across Ecuador's shared border, which thousands of Colombians also cross to escape the violence in their home country

      Refugees and internally displaced persons:

      refugees (country of origin): 11,526 (Colombia); note - UNHCR estimates as many as 250,000 Columbians are seeking asylum in Ecuador, many of whom do not register as refugees for fear of deportation (2007)

      Illicit drugs:

      significant transit country for cocaine originating in Colombia and Peru, with much of the US-bound cocaine passing through Ecuadorian Pacific waters; importer of precursor chemicals used in production of illicit narcotics; attractive location for cash-placement by drug traffickers laundering money because of dollarization and weak anti-money-laundering regime; increased activity on the northern frontier by trafficking groups and Colombian insurgents (2008)

      page last updated on January 19, 2011

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      @Egypt (Africa)

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