The 2003 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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      Debt - external:

       $49.5 billion (2002 est.)

      Currency:

       Hong Kong dollar (HKD)

      Currency code:

       HKD

      Exchange rates:

       Hong Kong dollars per US dollar - 7.8 (2002), 7.8 (2001), 7.79

       (2000), 7.76 (1999), 7.75 (1998)

      Fiscal year:

       1 April - 31 March

      Communications Hong Kong

      Telephones - main lines in use:

       3.839 million (1999)

      Telephones - mobile cellular:

       3.7 million (December 1999)

      Telephone system:

       general assessment: modern facilities provide excellent domestic

       and international services

       domestic: microwave radio relay links and extensive fiber-optic

       network

       international: satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (1 Pacific

       Ocean and 2 Indian Ocean); coaxial cable to Guangzhou, China; access

       to 5 international submarine cables providing connections to ASEAN

       member nations, Japan, Taiwan, Australia, Middle East, and Western

       Europe

      Radio broadcast stations:

       AM 7, FM 13, shortwave 0 (1998)

      Radios:

       4.45 million (1997)

      Television broadcast stations:

       4 (plus two repeaters) (1997)

      Televisions:

       1.84 million (1997)

      Internet country code:

       .hk

      Internet Service Providers (ISPs):

       17 (2000)

      Internet users:

       4.35 million (2002)

      Transportation Hong Kong

      Railways:

       total: 34 km

       standard gauge: 34 km 1.435-m gauge (electrified and double-tracked)

       note: connects to China railway system at Hong Kong-China border

       (2001)

      Highways: total: 1,831 km paved: 1,831 km unpaved: 0 km (1999 est.)

      Waterways:

       none

      Ports and harbors:

       Hong Kong

      Merchant marine:

       total: 549 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 16,176,728 GRT/27,119,764 DWT

       ships by type: barge carrier 1, bulk 315, cargo 66, chemical tanker

       15, combination bulk 2, container 86, liquefied gas 16,

       multi-functional large-load carrier 1, petroleum tanker 40,

       refrigerated cargo 2, roll on/roll off 2, short-sea passenger 1,

       vehicle carrier 2, includes some foreign-owned ships registered here

       as a flag of convenience: Belgium 5, Belize 1, British Virgin

       Islands 1, China 115, Denmark 2, Germany 19, Greece 2, India 8,

       Japan 8, Liberia 1, Malaysia 7, Norway 1, Panama 2, Philippines 5,

       Singapore 7, South Korea 2, Taiwan 1, UK 27, Virgin Islands (UK) 1

       note: (2002 est.)

      Airports:

       3 (2002)

      Airports - with paved runways: total: 3 over 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1523 m: 1 (2002)

      Heliports: 2 (2002)

      Military Hong Kong

      Military branches:

       no regular indigenous military forces; Hong Kong garrison of

       China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) including elements of the PLA

       Ground Forces, PLA Navy, and PLA Air Force; these forces are under

       the direct leadership of the Central Military Commission in Beijing

       and under administrative control of the adjacent Guangzhou Military

       Region

      Military manpower - military age:

       18 years of age (2003 est.)

      Military manpower - availability:

       males age 15–49: 2,033,716 (2003 est.)

      Military manpower - fit for military service:

       males age 15–49: 1,524,903 (2003 est.)

      Military manpower - reaching military age annually:

       males: 47,477 (2003 est.)

      Military expenditures - percent of GDP:

       NA% (FY02)

      Military - note:

       defense is the responsibility of China

      Transnational Issues Hong Kong

      Disputes - international:

       none

      Illicit drugs:

       Makes strenuous law enforcement efforts, but faces serious

       challenges in controlling transit of heroin and methamphetamine to

       regional and world markets; modern banking system provides a conduit

       for money laundering; rising indigenous use of synthetic drugs,

       especially among young people

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