A Culture of Conspiracy. Michael Barkun

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      UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS

      Berkeley•Los Angeles•London

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      University of California Press

      Berkeley and Los Angeles, California

      University of California Press, Ltd.

      London, England

      © 2013 by The Regents of the University of California

      Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

      Barkun, Michael.

      A culture of conspiracy: apocalyptic visions in contemporary America / Michael Barkun. — Second Edition.

      p. cm. — (Comparative studies in religion and society; 15)

      Includes bibliographical references and index.

      ISBN 978-0-520-27682-6 (pbk., alk. paper)

      eISBN 978-0-520-95652-0

      1. Millennialism—United States. 2. Conspiracies—United States. 3. Human-alien encounters—United States. I. Title.

      BL503.2.B372013

      306’.1—dc232012051215

      Manufactured in the United States of America

      22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13

      10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

      In keeping with its commitment to support environmentally responsible and sustainable printing practices, UC Press has printed this book on Cascades Enviro 100, a 100% post consumer waste, recycled, de-inked fiber. FSC recycled certified and processed chlorine free. It is acid free, Ecologo certified, and manufactured by BioGas energy.

      For Natalie Rose

      Contents

      Preface

      Preface to the First Edition

      1.The Nature of Conspiracy Belief

      2.Millennialism, Conspiracy, and Stigmatized Knowledge

      3.New World Order Conspiracies I: The New World Order and the Illuminati

      4.New World Order Conspiracies II: A World of Black Helicopters

      5.UFO Conspiracy Theories, 1975–1990

      6.UFOs Meet the New World Order: Jim Keith and David Icke

      7.Armageddon Below

      8.UFOs and the Search for Scapegoats I: Anti-Catholicism and Anti-Masonry

      9.UFOs and the Search for Scapegoats II: Anti-Semitism among the Aliens

      10.September 11 Conspiracies: The First Phase

      11.September 11 Conspiracies: The Second Phase

      12.Conspiracy Theories about Barack Obama

      13.Conspiracists and Violence

      14.Apocalyptic Expectations about the Year 2012

      15.Conclusion

      Notes

      Bibliography

      Index

      Preface

      The original manuscript of A Culture of Conspiracy was virtually complete in September 2001, when the World Trade Center and the Pentagon were attacked. In the time that remained before the manuscript had to be submitted, I added chapter 10 (along with interpolations of brief passages in some other chapters), which describes the reactions of what might be termed “professional” conspiracy theorists. But the book went to press well before the 9/11 conspiracy subculture had developed.

      That would not prove to be, of course, the only development on the conspiracy scene over the next decade or so. Rather, the following ten years witnessed conspiracism СКАЧАТЬ