Библия Времени. Найди свое. Лим Ворд

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      1. Ten chervonets in 1937. One chervonets is equal, having simultaneous circulation, ten rubles, therefore a ten-ruble note acquires the synonym «chervonets». The card system for distributing the most important products was abolished in 1935.

      2. Three rubles in 1938. Kilogram of wheat flour costs at this time 4 rubles 60 kopecks, gingerbread 5 rubles 75 kopecks, chum salmon – 3 rubles 50 kopecks, liter of vodka – 11 rubles. A pair of shoes 350 rubles (plus, sometimes, many thousands of queue). A good suit of 1200 r. Salary of workers is 180 – 360 rubles per month, responsible employees, functionaries – 1500 – 10 000 rubles; and this stratification probably contributed to the ferment in the minds of many citizens «the world’s first socialist state.» It is interesting that a note bearing the image of a Red Army soldier also circulated in the territories occupied by Germany, 1941—1944.

      3. The ruble of 1947. A glass of milk or half a loaf of bread. For a large size (ruble – 82 by 124 mm., 10 rubles – 161 by 92 mm.), This money is sometimes called «Stalin’s handkerchiefs.»

      4. A hundred-ruble bond; a loan from which citizens of the Union are difficult to refuse. You can get real money for such a deposit in a few years, sometimes – after an indefinite period. Sometimes the numbers of bonds won, like a lottery, which helped to attract additional funds.

      In 1947, a kilogram of rye bread costs 3 rubles, sugar – 15 rubles, a dozen eggs, depending on the category of 12 – 16 rubles. The price of a half-liter bottle of vodka «Moskovskaya» – 60 rubles, beer «Zhigulevskoe» – 7 rubles. The average salary of city employees and workers is 500 rubles. Most of the victims of the post-war famine are the disabled and farm workers.

      In 1949, prices for food products decreased by 5—6 percent, while clothing prices went up a little. The actual decline occurred only in 1950 – another 15—20 percent, and this time was the boundary separating the average Soviet man from the era of the deadly famine.

      The chance of survival of 800 000 people could give a reduction in the level of hypocrisy, a split of consciousness in the Government, and the people as a whole. «Everything is good, there are no difficulties, we, since the time of the great Socialist Revolution – light elves… have always been so» – a general, little changed since then mood. Meanwhile, in order to be cured, ulcers need to… not – do not show everyone who meets, but consult the competent people necessarily, indicate the history of their illness, all the symptoms, and take qualified treatment.

      On the subject of duplicity, we can also present the law of 1936, the ban on abortion, which, above all, led, surprisingly, to a general decline in the birth rate. Women had to turn to illegal surgeons, often rural women. If after this, with complications, they were taken to a state hospital, they were given a condition for providing assistance – a fine or the name of the person who performed the operation (he was threatened with a serious period). In the post-war period, thousands of young women died from clandestine abortions. In addition, the law of 1944 made the divorce procedure unthinkably confusing and expensive; this was done in the framework of state morality, but in fact led to a large number of extra-marital unions. Yes, a single mother could count on a state allowance of 100 rubles (reduced in 1947 to 50), but no claim for alimony from a civil husband. In addition, the father of the child, with all his will, could not ensure that his birth surname was in the birth metrics; instead of it there was a dash.

      We can also recall the campaigns of 1946, 1951, 1956 to remove from the streets of cities that live on alms, war invalids, amputates. They were sent to boarding schools of a closed type (the system of correction and punishment of the GUGB of the NKVD), without the possibility of correspondence. Because of the opacity of the work of such institutions, people who hoped to find their loved ones in them had to find addresses, and to go round them all. Part of the food allocated for food for the disabled was stolen.

      «Report of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR to the Presidium of the CPSU Central Committee on Measures to Prevent and Eliminate Poverty. 02/20/1954 Secretly. The USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs reports that, despite the measures being taken, an intolerable phenomenon such as begging still continues in large cities and industrial centers of the country. During the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the USSR of July 23, 1951, «On measures to combat antisocial, parasitic elements’ by the police… the beggars were detained: in the second half of 1951 – 107 766 people, in 1952 – 156 817 people, in 1953 – 182 342 people… Among the detained beggars, war and labor invalids make up 70% … The fight against beggars is hampered… by the fact that many mendicants refuse to be sent to the homes of disabled people… arbitrarily leave them and continue to beg… In connection with it would be advisable to take additional measures on the prevention and elimination of beggary. The USSR MVD considers it necessary to envisage the following measures: … 3. To prevent unauthorized departures from the homes of disabled people and elderly people who do not want to live there and deprive them of the opportunity to beg, part of the existing homes for the disabled and the elderly are converted into closed houses with a special regime… Minister of the Interior S. Kruglov.»

      …Actually, a pension for all sections of the population (including veterans), a real solution to the problem, appeared in 1956—1960, before it could, according to the law of 1928, count less than four million civil servants. Material aid to the elderly in rural areas was provided, to the extent possible, by their collective farm; In addition, people over 60 years, if there were no able-bodied members in the family, were exempted from paying an agricultural tax, and could live their own vegetable gardens.

      …History gives us many stories, feelings, food for the mind and heart. Perhaps, the time will come when our main pastime will be almost СКАЧАТЬ