Hebrew For Dummies. Jill Suzanne Jacobs

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СКАЧАТЬ to say “two books,” you say שְׁנֵי סְפָרִים (shnay sfah-reem); for “three books,” say שְׁלוֹשָׁה סְפָרִים (shloh-shah sfah-reem); for “four books,” say אַרְבָּעָה סְפָרִים (ahr-bah-ah sfah-reem); and so on.

      

The number 2 in Hebrew is an exception. When you’re specifying two of something, say “two boys” (יְלָדִים; yuh-lah-deem) or “two girls” (יְלָדוֹת; yuh-lah-doht), and drop the last syllable (im) of the number 2. So, you get יְלָדִים (two boys) and שְׁתֵּי יְלָדוֹת (two girls). Drop the im regardless of the noun you’re counting.

      Counting higher

To form the numbers 11–19, place the second number in front of the 10. In the masculine form, for example, 11 is אַחַד עָשָׂר. In the feminine form, 11 is אַחַת עֶשְׂרֵה (ah-chaht es-reh). Table 1-2 shows the numbers 11–19.

      

Use the appropriate gender for the 10 and the additional number that makes up the compound number.

The multiples of ten (10, 20, 30, and so on) are easy because these numbers are gender-neutral. Table 1-3 shows the multiples of 10.

TABLE 1-2 Counting from 11 to 19

Number	Masculine	Feminine
11	אַחַד עָשָׂר (eh-ḥad ah-sahr)	אַחַת עֶשְׂרֵה (ah-ḥaht ehs-reh)
12	שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר (shnehym ah-sahr)	שְׁתַּיִם עֶשְׂרֵה (shtehym ehs-reh)
13	שָׁלוֹשׁ עָשָׂר (shloh-sha ah-sahr)	שְׁלוֹשָׁה עֶשְׂרֵה (shlosh-ehsreh)
14	ַ אַרְבָּעָה עָשָׂר (ahr-bah-ah ah-sahr)	אַרְבַּע עֶשְׂרֵה (ahr-bah es-reh)
15	חֲמִשָּׁה עֶשֶׂר (ḥah-mee-shah ah-sahr)	חָמֵשׁ עֶשְׂרֵה (ḥah-mesh es-reh)
16	שִׁשָּׁה עֶשֶׂר (shee-shah ah-sahr)	שֶׁיֵּשׁ עֲשָׂרָה (shehsh ehs-reh)
17	שִׁבְעָה עָשָׂר (sheev-ah ah-sahr)	שְׁבַע עֲשָׂרָה (shvah es-reh)
18	שְׁמוֹנָה עֶשֶׂר (shmoh-nah ah-sahr)	שְׁמוֹנֶה עֶשְׂרֵה (shmoh-neh ehs-reh)
19	ש תִּשְׁעָה עָשָׂר (teesh-ah ah-sahr)	תְּשַּׁע עֶשְׂרֵה (tshah-esreh)

TABLE 1-3 Counting Multiples of 10

Number	Hebrew	Pronunciation
20	עֶשְׂרִים	ehs-reem
30	שְׁלוֹשִׁים	shloh-sheem
40	אַרְבָּעִים	ahr-bah-eem
50	חֲמִשִּׁים	ḥah-mee-sheem
60	שִׁשִּׁים	shee-sheem
70	שִׁבְעִים	sheev-eem
80	שְׁמוֹנִים	shmoh-neem
90	תִּשְׁעִים	teesh-eem

If you want to say something like “21” or “47,” however, you have to pay attention to gender again. (See Table 1-4.) The pattern for making these numbers is to state the number in the tens, such as עֶשְׂרִים (ehs-reem; 20) and then add the word for and (וְ’; veh), followed by the single number, such as אֶחָד (eh-chad; one). So, 21 would be עֶשְׂרִים וְאֶחָד (ehs-reem veh-eh-chad).

TABLE 1-4 Counting from 21 to 29

Number	Masculine	Feminine
21	עֶשְׂרִים וְאֶחָד (ehs-reem veh-eh-ḥahd) СКАЧАТЬ В начало < 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 > В конец